Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-pkt8n Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-08T21:29:10.918Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Genetic and Environmental Aspects of Obesity in Broilers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

C. Y. Lin ,
G. W. Friars  and
E. T. Moran
C. Y. Lin
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2WI.
G. W. Friars
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2WI.
E. T. Moran
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2WI.
Get access

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 36 , Issue 2 , May 1980 , pp. 103 - 111
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adams, R. L., Andrews, F. N., Rogler, J. C. and Carrick, C. W.. (1962). The protein requirement of 4-week-old chicks as affected by temperature. J. Nutr. 77: 121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baratunde, C. M., Pond, W. G., Van Velck, L. D., Kroening, G. H. and Reid, J. T.. (1967). Effect of plane of nutrition, sex and body weight on the chemical composition of Yorkshire pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 26: 718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartov, I. and Bornstein, S.. (1976). Effects of degree of fatness in broilers on other carcass characteristics: relationship between fatness and the composition of carcass fat. Br. Poul. Sci. 17: 117.Google Scholar
Bartov, I., Bornstein, S. and Lipstein, B.. (1974). Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets. Br. Poul. Sci. 15: 107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, W. A. (1978). Genotypic and phenotypic relations of abdominal fat in chickens. Presented at the 27th Annual National Breeder's Roundtable,Kansas City, Missouri.Google Scholar
Cherry, J. A., Siegel, P. B. and Beane, W. L.. (1978). Genetic-nutritional relationships in growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 57: 1482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, L. E., Walters, S. and Davidson, J. A.. (1958). Cooked meat yields from four strains of chickens, 6 and 16 weeks of age. Poul. Sci. 37: 227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deaton, J. W., Kubena, L. F., Chen, T. C. and Reece, F. N.. (1974). Factors influencing the quantity of abdominal fat in broilers. 2. Cage versus floor rearing. Poul. Sci. 53: 574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donaldson, W. E., Combs, G. F. and Romoser, G. L.. (1956). Studies on energy levels in poultry rations. 1. The effect of calorie-protein ratio of the ratio on growth, nutrient utilization and body composition of chickens. Poul. Sci. 35: 1100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EdwardsH. M., H. M., JR., Denman, F., Abou-Ashour, A., and Nugara, D.. (1973). Carcass composition studies. 1. Influence of age, sex and type of dietary fat supplementation on total carcass and fatty acid composition of chickens. Poul. Sci. 52: 934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EdwardsH. M., H. M., JR., and Denman, F.. (1975). Carcass composition studies. 2. Influence of breed, sex and diet on gross composition of the carcass and fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue. Poul. Sci. 54: 1230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evans, D. G., Goodwin, T. L. and Andrews, L. W.. (1976). Chemical composition, carcass yield and tenderness of broilers as influenced by rearing methods and genetic strain. Poul. Sci. 55: 748.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falconer, D. S. and Isaacson, J. H.. (1959). Adipose, a new inherited obesity of the mouse. J. Hered. 50: 290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farr, A. J., Herbert, A. and Johnson, W. A.. (1977). Studies of the effects of dietary energy levels and commercial broiler strains on live birds, dry carcass, and abdominal fat weights. Poul. Sci. 56: 1713.Google Scholar
Fisher, H., Hollands, K. G. and Weiss, H. S.. (1962). Environmental temperature and composition of body fat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 110: 832.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraps, G. S. (1943). Relation of the protein, fat and energy of the ration to the composition of chickens. Poul. Sci. 22: 421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friars, G. W., Lin, C. Y. and Patterson, D. L.. (1979). Strain-cross and sex interactions with systems of rearing broiler chickens. Presented at the Joint Annual Meeting of the Genetics Soc. of Canada and America, Edmonton,Alberta.Google Scholar
Goodridge, A. G. (1968). Metabolism of glucose-U-14-C in vitro in adipose tissue from embryonic and growing chicks. Am. J. Physiol. 211: 1352.Google Scholar
Greenwood, M. R. C. and Hirsch, J.. (1974).Postnatal development of adipocyte cellularity in the normal rat. J. Lipid Res. 15: 474.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffiths, L., Leeson, S. and Summers, J. D.. (1977). Fat deposition in broilers: Effect of dietary energy to protein balance and early life caloric restriction on productive performance and abdominal fat pad size. Poul. Sci. 56: 638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, L., Leeson, S. and Summers, J. D.. (1978). Studies on abdominal fat with four commercial strains of male broiler chicken. Poul. Sci. 57: 1198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grunberg, H. (1952). The genetics of the mouse. 2nd edition. The Hague.Google Scholar
Hayes, J. F. and McCarthy, J. C.. (1976). The effects of selection at different ages for high and low body weight on the pattern of fat deposition in mice. Genet. Res. 27: 389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, F. W. and Dansky, L. M.. (1954). Studies on the energy requirements of chickens. 1. The effect of dietary energy level on growth and feed consumption. Poul. Sci. 33: 112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirsch, J. and Han, P. W.. (1969). Cellularity of rat adipose tissue; effect of growth, starvation and obesity. J. Lipid Res. 10: 77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirsch, J. and Knittle, J. L.. (1970). Cellularity of obese and non-obese human adipose tissue. Fed. Proc. 29: 1516.Google Scholar
Hull, P. (1960). Genetic relations between carcass fat and body weight in mice. J. Agr. Sci. 55: 317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunt, J. R. (1965). Factors influencing body N:H2O ratio of growing chicks. Poul. Sci. 44: 236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingalls, A. M., Dickie, M. M. and Snell, G. D.. (1950). Obese, a new mutation in the house mouse. J. Hered. 41: 317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeffrey, F. P. and Britt, R. E.. (1941). Effect of confinement in laying cages on the physical composition of hens. Poul. Sci. 20: 302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klose, A. A., Mecchi, E. P., Hanson, H. L. and Lineweaver, H.. (1951). The role of dietary fat in the quality of fresh and frozen storage turkeys. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 28: 162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knittle, J. L. and Hirsch, J.. (1968). Effect of early nutrition on the development of rat epididymal fat pads; cellularity and metabolism. J. Clin. Invest. 47: 2091.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kubena, L. F., Deaton, J. W., Chen, T. C. and Reece, F. N.. (1974). Factors influencing the quantity of abdominal fat in broilers. 1. Rearing temperature, sex, age or weight, and dietary choline and inositol supplementation. Poul. Sci. 53: 211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kubena, L. F., Lott, B. D., Deaton, J. W., Reece, F. N. and May, J. D.. (1972). Body composition of chicks as influenced by environmental temperature and selected dietary factors. Poul. Sci. 51: 517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leveille, G. A., O'Hea, E. L. and Chakraborty, K.. (1968). In vivo lipogenesis in the domestic chicken. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 128: 398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Littlefield, L. H. (1972). Strain differences in quantity of abdominal fat in broilers. Poul. Sci. 51: 1829.Google Scholar
March, B. E. and Hansen, G.. (1977). Lipid accumulation and cell multiplication in adispose bodies in White Leghorn and Broiler-type chicks. Poul. Sci. 56: 886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marion, J. E. and Woodroof, J. G.. (1966). Composition and stability of broiler carcasses as affected by dietary protein and fat. Poul. Sci. 45: 241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merkley, J. W., Littlefield, L. H. and Chaloupka, G. W.. (1973). Abdominal fat, skin and subcutaneous fat from six broiler strains raised on the floor and in coops. Poul. Sci. 52: 2064.Google Scholar
Merkley, J. W., Littlefield, L. H., Malone, G. W. and Chaloupka, G. W.. (1977). Fresh eviscerated yields of five commercial broiler strains. Poul. Sci. 54: 1738.Google Scholar
Micthell, H. H., Card, L. E. and Hamilton, T. S.. (1926). The growth of White Plymouth Rock chickens. Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 278: 71.Google Scholar
Mitchell, H. H., Card, L. E. and Hamilton, T. S.. (1931). A technical study of the growth of White Leghorn chickens. Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 367: 1.Google Scholar
Moran, E. T. (1976). Broiler carcass finish: alteration with nutrition, egg source and chick management. Proc. 1976 Maryland Nutr. Conf. pp. 44.Google Scholar
Moran, E. T., Orr, H. L. and Larmond, E.. (1970). Dressing, grading and meat yields with broiler chicken breed. Fd. Technol., Champaign, 24: 73.Google Scholar
Nordstrom, J. O., Towner, R. H., Havenstein, G. B. and Walker, G. L.. (1978). Influence of genetic strain, sex and dietary energy level on abdominal fat deposition in broilers. Poul. Sci. 57: 1176.Google Scholar
O'Hea, E. K. and Leveille, G. A.. (1968). Lipogenesis in isolated adipose tissue of the domestic chick (Gallus Domesticus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 30: 149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oscai, L. B., Spirakis, C. N., Walff, C. A. and Beck, R. J.. (1972). Effect of exercise and food restriction on adipose tissue cellularity. J. Lipid Res. 13: 588.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pffafe, F. E. JR. and Austic, R. E.. (1974). Influence of diet on adipose tissue accumulation in the pullet. Proc. Cornell. Nutr. Conf. pp. 82.Google Scholar
Polkinghorne, R. W. (1974). Fat content of birds possessing the para mini gene. J. Aust. Inst. Agr. Sci. 40: 74.Google Scholar
Proudman, J. A., Mellen, W. J. and Anderson, D. L.. (1970). Utilization of feed in fast-and slow-growing lines of chickens. Poult. Sci. 49: 961.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pym, R. A. E. and Solvyns, A. J.. (1979). Selection for food conversion in broilers: body composition of birds selected for increased body weight, food consumption and food conversion ratio. Br. Poul. Sci. 20: 187.Google Scholar
Ricard, F. H. (1970). Etude dun gene de nanisme lie au sexe chez la poule. IV. Observations sur la croissone et les caracteristiques de jeunne poulet. Ann. Genet. Sel. Anim.: 2: 19.Google Scholar
Ricard, F. H. and Rouvier, R.. (1967). Etude de la composition anatomique du poulet. I. Variabilite de la repartition des differentes parties corporelles chez des conquelets “Bresse Pile”. Ann. Zootech. 16: 23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ricard, F. H. and Rouvier, R.. (1969). Etude de la composition anatomique du poulet. III. Variabilite de la repartition des parties corporelles dans une souche de type Cornish. Ann. Genet. Sel. Anim. 1: 151.Google Scholar
Summers, J. D., Slinger, J. S. and Ashton, G. C.. (1965). The effect of dietary energy and protein on carcass composition with a note on a method for estimating carcass composition. Poul. Sci. 44: 501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, C. H., Glazener, E. W. and Blow, W. L.. (1958). The relationship between feed conversion and ether extract of broilers. Poul. Sci. 37: 1177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Middelkoop, J. H., Kuit, A. R. and Zegwaard, A.. (1977). Genetic factors in broiler fat deposition. In Growth and Poultry Meat Production, pp. 131. Edited by Boorman, K. N. and Wilson, B. J.. Br. Poultry Science Ltd., Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Washburn, K. W., Guill, R. A. and Edwards, H. M. JR. (1975). Influence of genetic differences in feed efficiency on carcass composition of young chickens. J. Nutr. 105: 1311.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wethli, E. and Wessels, J. P. H.. (1973). The association between body fat content and thyroid activity, feed intake, mass gain, feed conversion and final body mass in growing chickens. Agroanimalia 5: 83.Google Scholar
Winchester, C. F. and Kleiber, M.. (1938). The effect of environmental temperature on mortality, rate of growth and feed utilization of food energy in White Leghorn chicks. J. Agr. Res. 57: 529.Google Scholar
Winick, M. and Noble, A.. (1966). Cellular response in rat during malnutrition at various ages. J. Nutr. 89: 300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zucker, L. M. and Zucker, T. F.. (1961). Fatty, a new mutation in the rats. J. Hered. 52: 275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar