Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T20:17:54.154Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The ability oi Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to survive and transmit infective larvae of Brugia pahangi over successive blood meals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2009

S. W. Lindsay  and
D. A. Denham
S. W. Lindsay
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E7HT
D. A. Denham
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E7HT
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes increased; (i) immediately following a blood meal containing microfilariae of Brugia pahangi, (ii) when infective larvae began to migrate out of the flight muscles and (iii) when infective larvae were lost from the mosquitoes during a blood meal. When infective mosquitoes took a second blood meal 86–2% of the infective larvae escaped from their bodies. However, only 50–3% escaped when mosquitoes fed through a thin layer of cotton. Infective larvae in the abdomen of the mosquitoes stood the least chance of escaping from the insects. When infective mosquitoes were offered a third blood meal four days later, the proportion of infective larvae in the head and labium had risen from 56–6% in the control group to 660% and 69–4% in the two test groups. At this third feed 54–7% and 75–7% of the infective larvae were lost from mosquitoes with a low and medium pre-feeding worm burden respectively. This suggests that the escape of infective larvae from mosquitoes with only a few worms is less efficient than from mosquitoes with a medium worm burden.

Keywords

Brugia pahangiAedes aegyptitransmission, infective larvae
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , September 1986 , pp. 159 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Beckett, E. B. (1971) Histological changes in mosquito flight muscle fibres associated with parasitization by filarial larvae. Parasitology, 63, 365–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beckett, E. B. (1973) Some quantitative aspects of flight muscle damage in mosquitoes infected with filarial larvae. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 67, 455–466.Google ScholarPubMed
Christensen, B. M. (1981) Effect of Dirofdaria immitis on the fecundity of Aedes triviltatus. Mosquito News, 41, 78–81.Google Scholar
Clements, A. N. & Paterson, G. D. (1981) The analysis of mortality and survival rates in wild populations of mosquitoes. Journal of Applied Ecology, 18, 373–399.Google Scholar
Croll, N. A. (1973) The behaviour of nematodes: their activity, senses and responses. Edward Arnold: London.Google Scholar
Croll, N. A. & Blair, A. (1973) Inherent movement patterns of larval nematodes, with a statistical model to simulate movement of infective hookworm larvae. Parasitology, 67, 53–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demeillon, B., Hayashi, S. & Sebastian, A. (1965) The loss of mature larvae of Wuchereria bancrofti from Culex pipiens fatigans through blood feeding. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 36, 81–90.Google Scholar
Ewert, A. (1967) Studies on the transfer of infective Brugia pahangi larvae from vector mosquitoes to the mammalian host. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 61, 110–113.Google Scholar
Ewert, A. & HO, B. C. (1967) The fate of Brugia pahangi larvae immediately after feeding by infective vector mosquitoes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 61, 659–662.Google Scholar
Ho, B. C. & Lavoipierre, M. M. J. (1975) Studies on filariasis. IV. The rate of escape of the third-stage larvae of Brugia pahangi from the mouthparts of Aedes togoi during the blood meal. Journal of Helminlhology, 49, 65–72.Google Scholar
Javadian, E. & Macdonald, W. W. (1974) The effect of infection with Brugia pahangi and Dirofdaria repens on the egg production of Aedes aegypti. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 68, 477–481.Google Scholar
Jordan, P. (1959) A note on the effect of a blood meal on infective larvae of Wuchereria bancrofti in Culex fatigans. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 53, 148–150.Google Scholar
Kadri, A. B. H. & Lavoipierre, M. M. J. (1978) Studies on the mechanism of emergence of the filarial worm Brugia pahangi from the mosquito Aedes aegypti. In: “4th. International Congress of Parasitology”, 19–26 08, 1978, Warsaw. Short Communications, Section C. Warsaw, Poland; Organizing Committee. 160–161.Google Scholar
Kershaw, W. E., Laviopierre, M. M. J. & Chalmers, T. A. (1953) Studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vector, their survival, and their effect on their survival and their vector. 1. - Dirofdaria immitis. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 47, 207–224.Google Scholar
Krebs, C. J. (1972) Ecology. The Experimental analysis of distribution and abundance. Harper & Row: New York.Google Scholar
Laurence, B. R. (1963) Natural mortality in two filarial vectors. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 28, 229–234.Google Scholar
Lavoipierre, M. M. J. & Ho, B. C. (1966) Studies on filariasis. I. The migration of the infective larvae of Brugia pahangi in Aedes togoi and their loss from the mosquito under experimental conditions. Journal of Helminthology, 40, 343–362.Google Scholar
Lindsay, S. W. (1984) Studies on the migration and transmission of Brugia pahangi infective larvae in Aedes aegypti. Ph.D. Thesis, University of London, pp. 1–257.Google Scholar
Lindsay, S. W. (1986) The migration of the infective larvae of Brugia pahangi in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Parasitology, (in press).Google Scholar
Lindsay, S. W. & Denham, D. A. (1985) The effect of different types of skin surfaces on the transmission of Brugia pahangi infective larvae by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79, 56–59.Google Scholar
Low, G. C. (1900) Filaria nocturna in Culex: probable mode of infection of man. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2, 312–313.Google Scholar
Mcgreevy, P. B., Theis, J. H., Lavoipierre, M. M. J. & Clark, J. (1974) Studies on filariasis. III. Dirofilaria immitis emergence of infective larvae from the mouthparts of Aedes aegypti. Journal of Helminthology, 48, 221–228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peto, R., Pike, M. C, Armitage, P., Breslow, N. E., Cox, D. R., Howard, S. V., Mantel, N., Mcpherson, K., Peto, J. & Smith, P. G. (1977) Design and analysis of randomised clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient 2. Analysis and examples. British Journal of Cancer, 35, 1–39.Google Scholar
Ramachandran, C. P. (1966) Biological aspects in the transmission of Brugia malayi by Aedes aegypti in the laboratory. Journal of Medical Entomology, 3, 239–252.Google Scholar
Rowland, M. W. & Lindsay, S. W. (1986) The circadian flight activity of mosquitoes parasitized with filarial worms. Physiological Entomology, (in press).Google Scholar
Samarawickrema, W. A. & Laurence, B. R (1978) Loss of filarial larvae in a natural mosquito population. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 72, 561–565.Google Scholar
Townson, H. (1970) The effect of infection with Brugia pahangi on the flight of Aedes aegypti. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 64, 411–420.Google Scholar
Townson, H. (1971) Mortality of various genotypes of the mosquito Aedes aegypti following the uptake of microfilariae of Brugia pahangi. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 65, 93–106.Google Scholar
Wharton, R. H. (1957) Studies on filariasis in Malaya: the efficiency of Mansonia longipalpis as an experimental vector of Wuchereria Malayi. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 51, 422–439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wijers, D. J. B. & Kulu, G. (1977) Bancroftian filariasis in Kenya III. Entomological investigations in Mambrui, a small coastal town, and Jaribuni, a rural area more inland (Coast Province). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 71, 347–359.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zielke, E. (1976) Studies on quantitative aspects of the transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti. Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, 27, 160–164Google ScholarPubMed