The British colonial administrator and scholar Sir Reginald Fleming Johnston (1874–1938) travelled extensively in the Far East, developing a keen intellectual interest in Chinese culture and spirituality. His fourteen-year posting to the relatively quiet port of Weihaiwei allowed him to indulge this interest and to travel to places not usually visited by Europeans. In 1918, he was appointed tutor to the young Puyi (1906–67), who had been China's last emperor before his forced abdication. Deeply interested in Mahayana Buddhism, Johnston played an important role in raising Western awareness of its philosophy and practice in China. This work, first published in 1913, provides valuable insight into the history of this branch of Buddhism as well as fascinating accounts of notable centres of Chinese monasticism. Among other works, Johnston's Confucianism and Modern China (1934) and Twilight in the Forbidden City (1934) are also reissued in this series.

The church historian and Benedictine monk Cuthbert Butler (1858–1934) was known for his expertise on the monastic life and wrote several books on the subject, including Benedictine Monachism (1919) and Western Mysticism (1922). Previously he had produced this two-volume edition of Palladius of Galatia's Lausiac History. Written in the early fifth century, it records the lives of the Egyptian 'Desert Fathers' and is an important source for early monasticism. Volume 2 (1904) contains Butler's edition of the Greek text, supported by an extensive critical apparatus. Butler's substantial introduction first surveys the various Greek manuscripts and earlier editions of the text, before outlining the method he adopted in editing the work. His text is supported by detailed critical and historical notes. The volume also includes a reassessment of the chronology of Palladius' life and helpful supporting material in the form of a map and chronological table.

The church historian and Benedictine monk Cuthbert Butler (1858–1934) was known for his expertise on the monastic life and wrote several books on the subject, including Benedictine Monachism (1919) and Western Mysticism (1922). Previously he had produced this two-volume edition of Palladius of Galatia's Lausiac History. Written in the early fifth century, it records the lives of the Egyptian 'Desert Fathers' and is an important source for early monasticism. In Volume 1 (1898), Butler begins with a general introduction to Palladius' work, followed by a critical survey of the various versions of Palladius' text, which survives in Greek, Latin, Syriac, Armenian and Coptic. The volume includes a contribution by Armitage Robinson, later Dean of Westminster, on the Armenian version. The later part of this volume turns to an exploration of Palladius' theology, other related sources for the history of Egyptian monasticism, and a historical discussion of early monasticism.

In the fourth century, a group of Christians who followed the teachings of Arius, an Alexandrian presbyter, claimed that Christ was not truly divine but a created being. According to Arius, God alone is unique and self-existent: the Son is not. Although Arianism was condemned as heretical at the Council of Nicaea in 325, it continued to exert significant influence. Patriarch of Alexandria, St Athanasius (c.296–373) was among the most vigorous defenders of the orthodox view of the divinity of Christ. This 1873 publication presents the original Greek of four polemical orations directed against the Arian heretics. Also included is an account of Athanasius' life and a commentary on his work provided by William Bright (1824–1901), Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Oxford, who specialised in the history of the early church.

A painstaking compiler of catalogues and indexes, the biblical scholar and bibliographer Thomas Hartwell Horne (1780–1862) first published his most famous work in 1818, having begun his research for it many years earlier in 1801. Reissued here is the expanded four-volume tenth edition of 1856, which includes revisions by the scholars Samuel Davidson (c.1806–98) and Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75). This monumental and influential work of nineteenth-century biblical scholarship remains a valuable resource for modern researchers. Volume 2, the work of Davidson, addresses the Old Testament and has been split into two parts for this reissue. Influenced by contemporary German scholarship, Davidson's contribution caused controversy, particularly around prophetic authorship and the role of divine inspiration, resulting in his resignation from Lancashire Independent College. Part 2, Davidson's exegetical 'Brief Introduction to the Old Testament and Apocrypha', includes extensive references to contemporary scholarship as well as research on sources and interpretation of meaning.

A painstaking compiler of catalogues and indexes, the biblical scholar and bibliographer Thomas Hartwell Horne (1780–1862) first published his most famous work in 1818, having begun his research for it many years earlier in 1801. Reissued here is the expanded four-volume tenth edition of 1856, which includes revisions by the scholars Samuel Davidson (c.1806–98) and Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75). This monumental and influential work of nineteenth-century biblical scholarship remains a valuable resource for modern researchers. Volume 2, the work of Davidson, addresses the Old Testament and has been split into two parts for this reissue. Influenced by contemporary German scholarship, Davidson's contribution caused controversy, particularly around prophetic authorship and the role of divine inspiration, resulting in his resignation from Lancashire Independent College. Indeed, Horne distanced himself from this volume. Part 1 includes discussion of scriptural Hebrew, of Greek, Arabic, Latin and Syriac translations, and of textual history and interpretation.

A painstaking compiler of catalogues and indexes, the biblical scholar and bibliographer Thomas Hartwell Horne (1780–1862) first published his most famous work in 1818, having begun his research for it many years earlier in 1801. Reissued here in five parts is the expanded four-volume tenth edition of 1856, which includes revisions by the scholars Samuel Davidson (c.1806–98) and Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75). This monumental and influential work of nineteenth-century biblical scholarship remains a valuable resource for modern researchers, reflecting the methods and perspectives of its era. Volume 3 contains a summary of biblical geography and antiquities, including the historical geography of the Holy Land, with discussion of its physical and agricultural features, as well as an account of the political and judicial systems of the Jews and Romans, a study of the existence and location of sacred artefacts, and a survey of Jewish customs mentioned in the scriptures.

A painstaking compiler of catalogues and indexes, the biblical scholar and bibliographer Thomas Hartwell Horne (1780–1862) first published his most famous work in 1818, having begun his research for it many years earlier in 1801. Reissued here in five parts is the expanded four-volume tenth edition of 1856, which includes revisions by the scholars Samuel Davidson (c.1806–98) and Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75). This monumental and influential work of nineteenth-century biblical scholarship remains a valuable resource for modern researchers, reflecting the methods and perspectives of its era. Volume 4, rewritten by Tregelles for this edition, addresses textual criticism of the New Testament. Drawing strongly on his previous scholarship, Tregelles covers the history of the text, distinguished readings and important manuscripts, and he provides an introduction to each book of the New Testament.

A painstaking compiler of catalogues and indexes, the biblical scholar and bibliographer Thomas Hartwell Horne (1780–1862) first published his most famous work in 1818, having begun his research for it many years earlier in 1801. Reissued here in five parts is the expanded four-volume tenth edition of 1856, which includes revisions by the scholars Samuel Davidson (c.1806–98) and Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75). A standard text in scriptural teaching for generations of Anglicans, this monumental and influential work of nineteenth-century biblical scholarship remains a valuable resource for modern researchers, reflecting the methods and perspectives of its era. Volume 1 addresses the authenticity and authority of the Old and New Testaments. Horne discusses the role of miracles and prophesy, and argues for the superiority of Christianity over other religions.

The German biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–74) published his monumental eighth edition of the Greek New Testament between 1869 and 1872. Influenced by the pioneering scholarship of Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), who had first moved away from relying on the Textus Receptus, Tischendorf placed key emphasis on the witness of older uncial manuscripts, most notably the Codex Sinaiticus (which he rediscovered) and the Codex Vaticanus. His painstaking work laid the foundations for the creation of modern critical texts, and the vast amount of manuscript evidence he collated has ensured that this edition remains a standard work of reference for biblical scholars and textual critics. Following Tischendorf's death, the work's Latin prolegomena was issued in separate parts by Caspar René Gregory (1846–1917), assisted by Ezra Abbott (1819–84). The present volume amalgamates the parts published in 1884 and 1890, comprising sections I-VIII and including detailed codicological information.

The German biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–74) published his monumental eighth edition of the Greek New Testament between 1869 and 1872. Influenced by the pioneering scholarship of Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), who had first moved away from relying on the Textus Receptus, Tischendorf placed key emphasis on the witness of older uncial manuscripts, most notably the Codex Sinaiticus (which he rediscovered) and the Codex Vaticanus. His painstaking work laid the foundations for the creation of modern critical texts, and the vast amount of manuscript evidence he collated has ensured that this edition remains a standard work of reference for biblical scholars and textual critics. Following Tischendorf's death, the work's Latin prolegomena was issued in separate parts by Caspar René Gregory (1846–1917), assisted by Ezra Abbott (1819–84). First published in 1894, this part contains sections IX-XIII and addresses the versional and patristic evidence.

The German biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–74) published his monumental eighth edition of the Greek New Testament between 1869 and 1872. Following his death, the prolegomena was compiled by colleagues and appeared between 1884 and 1894. Influenced by the pioneering scholarship of Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), who had first moved away from relying on the Textus Receptus, Tischendorf placed key emphasis on the witness of older uncial manuscripts, most notably the Codex Sinaiticus (which he rediscovered) and the Codex Vaticanus. His painstaking work laid the foundations for the creation of modern critical texts, and the vast amount of manuscript evidence he collated has ensured that this edition remains a standard work of reference for biblical scholars and textual critics. Volume 1 (1869) contains the text and critical apparatus for the Gospels.

The German biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–74) published his monumental eighth edition of the Greek New Testament between 1869 and 1872. Following his death, the prolegomena was compiled by colleagues and appeared between 1884 and 1894. Influenced by the pioneering scholarship of Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), who had first moved away from relying on the Textus Receptus, Tischendorf placed key emphasis on the witness of older uncial manuscripts, most notably the Codex Sinaiticus (which he rediscovered) and the Codex Vaticanus. His painstaking work laid the foundations for the creation of modern critical texts, and the vast amount of manuscript evidence he collated has ensured that this edition remains a standard work of reference for biblical scholars and textual critics. Volume 2 (1872) contains the text and critical apparatus for the Acts, Epistles and Book of Revelation.

This translation of an Arabic commentary by Jephet ibn Ali (fl. late tenth century) was first published in 1889. Based on ten manuscripts, the text was carefully edited and rendered into English by David Samuel Margoliouth (1858–1940), Laudian Professor of Arabic at Oxford. Jephet was a leading Karaite scholar who wrote a number of biblical commentaries in his native Arabic. This was one of his mature works and perhaps the best example of his critical and exegetical powers. Based on the historical allusions in the commentary, Margoliouth estimated that it was composed between 990 and 1010. The work includes the Arabic text, with critical apparatus and a useful glossary of key words. Fiercely polemical against Islam, Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism, the commentary has greatly contributed to our understanding of tenth-century religious controversies. It remains an important work of Karaite literature.

A seminal figure in nineteenth-century biblical textual criticism, Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–75) did much to formalise the emerging discipline. He published this account of his work on the Greek New Testament in 1854. Reflecting on previous editions of the New Testament, he gives a detailed account of its numerous versions since Erasmus and provides an excellent overview of biblical scholarship to that date. As well as discussing Tischendorf's pioneering work in using manuscripts previously neglected by Western scholarship, Tregelles reports the findings of other textual critics, such as Lachmann, Griesbach and Scrivener. He proceeds to describe his own critical methods and collations, bringing clarity to the developing field, and also presents notes on particular passages in the Gospels. This work still informs modern scholarship and serves to complement Tregelles's remarkable seven-volume Greek New Testament (also reissued in this series).

This three-volume account of the life of John Wesley (1703–91) was published in the year of his death. Written by John Hampson (c.1753–1819), a Church of England clergyman and former Methodist preacher, the work also contains a thorough review of Wesley's writings and a history of Methodism. Hampson's excellent overview of contemporary assessments of the preacher is more balanced than John Whitehead's two-volume Life of the Rev. John Wesley (1793–6), which has also been reissued in this series. Volume 1 explores Wesley's lineage and early life, including his journey to America in 1735 and his conversion in 1738. This volume also contains short chapters on his brothers Samuel and Charles. Drawing on a wide range of sources, the work remains important for its informed appraisal of this religious movement and its founder.

This three-volume account of the life of John Wesley (1703–91) was published in the year of his death. Written by John Hampson (c.1753–1819), a Church of England clergyman and former Methodist preacher, the work also contains a thorough review of Wesley's writings and a history of Methodism. Hampson's excellent overview of contemporary assessments of the preacher is more balanced than John Whitehead's two-volume Life of the Rev. John Wesley (1793–6), which has also been reissued in this series. Volume 2 traces the growth of Methodism in both England and North America, covering Wesley's itinerant preaching, the death of his mother, and theological differences with his brother Charles. It also gives an account of Wesley's increased activity in ordaining priests for travel to America. Drawing on a wide range of sources, the work remains important for its informed appraisal of this religious movement and its founder.

This three-volume account of the life of John Wesley (1703–91) was published in the year of his death. Written by John Hampson (c.1753–1819), a Church of England clergyman and former Methodist preacher, the work also contains a thorough review of Wesley's writings and a history of Methodism. Hampson's excellent overview of contemporary assessments of the preacher is more balanced than John Whitehead's two-volume Life of the Rev. John Wesley (1793–6), which has also been reissued in this series. Volume 3 gives an account of Wesley's death, but is predominantly concerned with a critique of Methodist theology, activity and mode of preaching. It gives a measured assessment of Wesley's character and reflects on the opposition to the work's previous volumes displayed by Wesley's executors, highlighting the struggle over his legacy - a matter of great importance in the history of Methodism.

George Fox, the founder of Quakerism, was born in 1642 at a time of great political turmoil when unorthodox religious ideas were met with intolerance and brutality. Rejecting his puritan background, Fox toured England, Europe and America, as a dissenting preacher. His unusual and uncompromising views led to frequent clashes with the church and the courts. Persecuted, beaten and frequently imprisoned for blasphemy, Fox was fearless in questioning the need for clergy and emphasising the accessibility of God to all. Compiled by John Nickalls from accounts dictated by Fox himself, this 1952 edition is an intimate depiction of the life and trials of a radical religious reformer who conquered depression, doubt and physical infirmity to advance the Quaker movement. It is an inspiring portrayal of the foundation and early struggles of the Religious Society of Friends and a personal account of the turbulent social and religious climate of the period.

George Fox (1624–91), founder of The Religious Society of Friends (or Quakers), was well known during his lifetime as a healer and worker of miracles. He wrote prolifically of how he used God's power to effect over one hundred and fifty cures, of both physical disease or injury and mental or psychological problems. This work was critical to spreading the word about Quakerism in its early years. Many of Fox's papers were lost after his death, but from the clues and fragments that remained, and a contemporary index of his works, Henry Cadbury (1883–1974) was able to create this book, published in 1948. The preface make clear that this was not intended as a work of critical analysis, though the findings are annotated with historical and documentary detail. The editor's devotion to his task is testament to the historical and spiritual significance of Fox's contribution to Quakerism.