Book contents
- Fetal Therapy
- Fetal Therapy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Section 1: General Principles
- Section 2: Fetal Disease: Pathogenesis and Treatment
- Red Cell Alloimmunization
- Structural Heart Disease in the Fetus
- Chapter 12 Structural Heart Disease: Embryology
- Chapter 13 Structural Heart Disease: Genetic Influences
- Chapter 14 Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Heart Disease: Research from Embryonic Knockout Mice
- Chapter 15 In Utero Intervention for Cardiac Disease
- Chapter 16 Fetal Cerebral Consequences of Structural Heart Disease: Can These Be Ameliorated?
- Fetal Dysrhythmias
- Manipulation of Fetal Amniotic Fluid Volume
- Fetal Infections
- Fetal Growth and Well-being
- Preterm Birth of the Singleton and Multiple Pregnancy
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twins
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Multifetal Reduction in Multiple Pregnancy
- Fetal Urinary Tract Obstruction
- Pleural Effusion and Pulmonary Pathology
- Surgical Correction of Neural Tube Anomalies
- Fetal Tumors
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
- Fetal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Gene Therapy
- Section III: The Future
- Index
- References
Chapter 12 - Structural Heart Disease: Embryology
from Structural Heart Disease in the Fetus
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 October 2019
- Fetal Therapy
- Fetal Therapy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Section 1: General Principles
- Section 2: Fetal Disease: Pathogenesis and Treatment
- Red Cell Alloimmunization
- Structural Heart Disease in the Fetus
- Chapter 12 Structural Heart Disease: Embryology
- Chapter 13 Structural Heart Disease: Genetic Influences
- Chapter 14 Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Heart Disease: Research from Embryonic Knockout Mice
- Chapter 15 In Utero Intervention for Cardiac Disease
- Chapter 16 Fetal Cerebral Consequences of Structural Heart Disease: Can These Be Ameliorated?
- Fetal Dysrhythmias
- Manipulation of Fetal Amniotic Fluid Volume
- Fetal Infections
- Fetal Growth and Well-being
- Preterm Birth of the Singleton and Multiple Pregnancy
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twins
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence
- Complications of Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancy: Multifetal Reduction in Multiple Pregnancy
- Fetal Urinary Tract Obstruction
- Pleural Effusion and Pulmonary Pathology
- Surgical Correction of Neural Tube Anomalies
- Fetal Tumors
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
- Fetal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Gene Therapy
- Section III: The Future
- Index
- References
Summary
The prenatal detection of structural cardiac malformations has greatly benefited from the advances in echo Doppler technology and the in-depth training of specialists in this area. This opens up new possibilities, now and in the future, for developing in utero therapies. It also allows a better knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and developmental timing that lead to structural congenital heart disease (CHD), based on a marked progress involving genetic and epigenetic causes. Gene mutations are discovered in the fetus and parents, and pathways can be unraveled using mouse transgene technology. Epigenetic causes are also receiving attention, but have thus far been underestimated as approximately 85% of CHD is determined to have a multifactorial background that combines a genetic susceptibility with epigenetic influences. Studies in animal models, including chicken, quail, zebrafish, and even more primitive Chordates, contribute relevant data. In essence, cardiac development shows basic similarities of the major processes involved between species. Therefore mechanisms unraveled in animal models can be reliably used in understanding normal human cardiac development and CHD [1].
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- Chapter
- Information
- Fetal TherapyScientific Basis and Critical Appraisal of Clinical Benefits, pp. 110 - 122Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020