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Bovine herpes virus infections in cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2009

S. Nandi ,
Manoj Kumar ,
M. Manohar  and
R. S. Chauhan
S. Nandi*
Affiliation:
Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar-243122, UP, India
Manoj Kumar
Affiliation:
Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar-243122, UP, India
M. Manohar
Affiliation:
Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar-243122, UP, India
R. S. Chauhan
Affiliation:
Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar-243122, UP, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: snandi1901@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is primarily associated with clinical syndromes such as rhinotracheitis, pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis, abortion, infertility, conjunctivitis and encephalitis in bovine species. The main sources of infection are the nasal exudates and the respiratory droplets, genital secretions, semen, fetal fluids and tissues. The BHV-1 virus can become latent following a primary infection with a field isolate or vaccination with an attenuated strain. The viral genomic DNA has been demonstrated in the sensory ganglia of the trigeminal nerve in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and in sacral spinal ganglia in pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis cases. BHV-1 infections can be diagnosed by detection of virus or virus components and antibody by serological tests or by detection of genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nucleic acid hybridization and sequencing. Inactivated vaccines and modified live virus vaccines are used for prevention of BHV-1 infections in cattle; subunit vaccines and marker vaccines are under investigation.

Keywords

infectious bovine rhinotracheitisbovine herpes virus 1vulvovaginitisbalanoposthitisabortion
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 10 , Issue 1 , June 2009 , pp. 85 - 98
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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