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Cryptic hydrozoan blooms pose risks to gill health in farmed North Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2018

Anna Kintner  and
Andrew S. Brierley
Anna Kintner*
Affiliation:
Pelagic Ecology Research Group, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, East Sands, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK
Andrew S. Brierley
Affiliation:
Pelagic Ecology Research Group, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, East Sands, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Anna Kintner, Pelagic Ecology Research Group, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, East Sands, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK email: sublittoral@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Sampling at four salmon aquaculture sites along the west coast of Scotland has identified short-lived aggregations of planktonic hydrozoans (>280 individuals m−3), here termed blooms. Several such blooms were linked with increases in gill pathology and mortality in caged fish. Two types, Obelia sp. and Lizzia blondina, were found to cause blooms regularly and often concurrently. Species composition of hydrozoan populations and fluctuations in population sizes were spatially and temporally heterogeneous, with adjacent sites (within 30 km of one another and with similar oceanic exposure) experiencing no correlation between species composition and population density. Blooms appeared temperature-mediated, with all identified blooms by Obelia sp. and L. blondina taking place in water above 12 °C; however, temperature alone was not found to be predictive. Blooms were not significantly associated with change in salinity, water clarity, or photoperiod. Due to the apparent lack of broadly applicable predictors, we suggest that localized, targeted sampling and examination of planktonic hydrozoan populations is required to discern the presence or absence of a bloom. It is likely that many blooms have historically caused harm in salmon aquaculture while remaining unrecognized as the root cause.

Keywords

hydrozoanjellyfishsalmon aquaculturegill pathology
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 99 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 539 - 550
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2018 

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