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First report of Echinococcus granulosus G8 in Eurasia and a reappraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of ‘genotypes’ G5-G10

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2008

E. MOKS ,
I. JÕGISALU ,
H. VALDMANN  and
U. SAARMA
E. MOKS
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
I. JÕGISALU
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia Centre of Forest Protection and Silviculture, Rõõmu tee 2, 51013 Tartu, Estonia
H. VALDMANN
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
U. SAARMA*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014, Tartu, Estonia. Tel: +3727375099. Fax: +3727375830. E-mail: Urmas.Saarma@ut.ee
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Summary

In this study, we investigated the presence of the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus in wild ungulates in Estonia, genetically characterized E. granulosus isolates using mitochondrial gene sequences and used the sequence data, together with those available in a public database, to infer the phylogenic relationships of E. granulosus ‘genotypes’ G5-G10. While 0·8% of the 2038 moose (Alces alces) examined were found to be infected with E. granulosus, the parasite was not detected in other wild ungulates, such as roe deer (Capreolus capreolus: 1044 specimens examined) and wild boar (Sus scrofa: 442 specimens). Genetic analyses of concatenated atp6, nad1 and cox1 gene (1028 bp) sequences revealed that 2 novel E. granulosus haplotypes, namely E8 (11 samples: 69%) and E10 (5 samples: 31%), grouped with E. granulosus G8 and G10, respectively, are present in Estonia. This is the first record of an E. granulosus G8 in Eurasia. Phylogenetic analyses, using 4 different methods, demonstrated with considerable statistical support that E. granulosus G6/7 forms a subgroup together with G10, whereas G8 is a sister taxon to G6/7-G10.

Keywords

Echinococcus granulosusEstoniamitochondrial genesmoosephylogenywolf
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 135 , Issue 5 , May 2008 , pp. 647 - 654
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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