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Varves and mass-movement deposits record distinctly different sedimentation dynamics since the late glacial (Lake Szurpiły, northeastern Poland)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 November 2019

Małgorzata Kinder Open the ORCID record for Małgorzata Kinder [Opens in a new window] ,
Wojciech Tylmann ,
Michał Rzeszewski  and
Bernd Zolitschka
Małgorzata Kinder*
Affiliation:
Environmental Change Reconstruction Laboratory, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
Wojciech Tylmann
Affiliation:
Environmental Change Reconstruction Laboratory, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
Michał Rzeszewski
Affiliation:
Department of Human Spatial Behaviour, Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680, Poznań, Poland
Bernd Zolitschka
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, Geomorphology and Polar Research (GEOPOLAR), University of Bremen, Celsiusstrasse 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany
*
*Corresponding author at: Environmental Change Reconstruction Laboratory, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland. E-mail address: malgorzata.kinder@ug.edu.pl (M. Kinder).
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Abstract

The sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of sediments from Lake Szurpiły (northeastern Poland) can be used as a record of mass movement and climate dynamics since the Allerød. Late-glacial sediments suggest enhanced runoff conditions in the catchment after the retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet, while Holocene varved sediments are interrupted by mass-movement deposits (MMDs). We identified 85 thin (<10 cm) MMDs (type 1) that consist of autochthonous material and frequently occur during the Atlantic period. Mobilization of littoral zone and slope sediments caused redeposition in the deepest part of the lake and was likely related to climatic conditions. In contrasting, one sedimentary unit (>1-m-thick MMD type 2) consists of auto- and allochthonous material and represents multistage processes, including erosion and deformation of underlying varved sediments, rapid deposition of clastic material, and redeposition of previously eroded varved sediments. Seismic activity or permafrost degradation was responsible for the deposition of MMD type 2. Furthermore, varve-thickness variability suggests Gleissberg and Suess solar cycles before 850 BC, when human impact was limited. Additionally, 22 and 11 yr sunspot cycles are recognized in light/dark laminae-thickness ratios and reflect influences of solar irradiance on lacustrine productivity.

Keywords

Varved lake sedimentsMass-movement depositsSlumpsLate glacialHoloceneSunspot cyclesEarthquakesHuman impact
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 93 , January 2020 , pp. 299 - 313
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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