^{page 144 note *} Frech, Lethæa Geognostica (passim); Andersson, J. G., Über die Stratigraphie und Tektonik der Bären Insel, 1899, p. 16Google Scholar; Tschernyschew, Th., “Die obercarbonischen Brachiopoden des Ural und des Timan,” Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, 1902, p. 694Google Scholar.

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^{page 145 note *} Von Möller, V., “Die spiral-gewundenen Foraminiferen des russischen Kohlenkalks,” Mém. Acad. Imp. Sciences de St Pétersbourg, 1878Google Scholar; and “Die Foraminiferen des russischen Kohlenkalks,” ibid., 1879.

^{page 145 note †} Challenger Reports, vol. ix., 1884, p. 629Google Scholar.

^{page 146 note *} loc. cit., p. 364.

^{page 146 note †} Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, vol. xxi., article 5, 1906Google Scholar.

^{page 147 note *} A Monograph of the British Fossil Sponges, Pal. Soc., 1887, p. 143, pl. ix. fig. 5.Google Scholar

^{page 149 note *} Thomson, James, “A New Family of Rugose Corals,” Proc. Phil. Soc. Glasg., 1882, p. 33, pl. iii. fig. 12.Google Scholar

^{page 149 note †} “Anthoz. d. Rhein. Mittel Devon,” Abhand. Geol. Specialkarte v. Preussen, Bd. viii., Heft 4, p. 42 (1889)Google Scholar.

^{page 151 note *} Thomson, James, “A New Family of Rugose Corals,” Proc. Phil. Soc. Glasgow, 1882, pl. iv. figs. 10, 10aGoogle Scholar. In his large paper, published by the Society in the succeeding year, the same figures are referred to Campophyllum paracida M'Coy.

^{page 153 note *} Thomson was mistaken in his conception of this genus, which was distinctly stated by Nicholson to have no columella. Good figures of the genotype, A. oneidense (Billings) are given by Lambe in Contrib. to Canadian Pal., vol. iv. part 1, pl. xviGoogle Scholar. figs. 1 and 2 (1899).

^{page 154 note *} “Corals Carb. Syst. Scotland,” pl. xi. figs. 14 and 14a, Proc. Phil. Soc. Glasgow, 1883Google Scholar.

^{page 154 note †} “Anthoz. u. Bryoz. d. unter. Kohlenkalks v. Central Russlands,” Mém. Com,. Géol. Russie, nouv. sér., livr. xiv. (1904), p. 72Google Scholar of German text.

^{page 156 note *} Loc. supra cit., p. 72 of German text.

^{page 156 note †} Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, 1904.

^{page 156 note ‡} Geol. Survey of Illinois, vol. viii., 1890, pl. lxGoogle Scholar. fig. 3.

^{page 158 note *} Pal. Indica: Salt Range Fossils, 1883.

^{page 158 note †} Mém. Com. Géol. Russia, t. v., No. 5, 1890.

^{page 159 note *} Compare, for instance, Martiniopsis aschensis, Tschernyschew, loc. cit., pl. 1., fig. 4.

^{page 160 note *} Tschernyschew, loc. cit., pl. lxiii. fig. 1.

^{page 161 note *} M'Coy, , Synopsis Carb. Limestone Fossils of Ireland, 1844, pl. xxii. fig. 11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

^{page 161 note †} Good figures of this surface structure are given in Palæontology of New York, vol. viii. (passim)Google Scholar, and in Professor Tschernyschew's Obercarbonischen Braehiopoden (passim).

^{page 162 note *} Palæontology of New York, vol. viii., 1893,Google Scholar and Introduction to the Study of the Brachiopoda, 1893.

^{page 162 note †} Waagen, , Pal. Indica: Salt Range Fossils, p. 538, 1887Google Scholar.

^{page 162 note ‡} M'Coy, , Synopsis, p. 142, 1844Google Scholar.

^{page 162 note §} Tschernyschew, , “Die Fauna des mittleren und oberen Devon am West-Abhange des Ural,” Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, 1887, pl. x. fig. 1.Google Scholar

^{page 162 note ∥} Tornquist, A., Das fossilführende Untercarbon am östlichen Rossbergmassiv in den Vogesen, 1895, p. 119Google Scholar.

^{page 162 note ¶} Julien, A., Le Terrain Carbonifère marin de la France Centrale, 1896, pl. ii. fig. 10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

^{page 163 note *} Girty, G. H., “The Carboniferous Formation and Fauna of Colorado,” U.S.G.S., Professional Paper No. 15, 1903, p. 31Google Scholar.

^{page 163 note †} Sibly, T. F., “On the Carboniferous Limestone in the Mendip Area,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1906, p. 375Google Scholar; A. Vaughan, “On the Faunal Succession in the Carboniferous Rocks at Loughshinny,” ibid., 1908, p. 469; S. S. Buckman, “Brachiopod Homœomorphy,” ibid., 1908, p. 31.

^{page 163 note ‡} Scupin, H., “Die Spiriferen Deutschlands,” Palæontographica, 1900, pp. 5 and 6.Google Scholar

^{page 163 note §} Schellwien, E., “Die Fauna der Trogkofelschichten,” Abh. k. k. Geol. Reichsanstalt, 1900, p. 67Google Scholar.

^{page 163 note ∥} Vaughan, A., “The Carboniferous Limestone Series of the Avon Gorge,” Bristol Naturalists' Society Proceedings, 1906, p. 159Google Scholar; S. S. Buckman, loc. cit., 1908, p. 33.

^{page 165 note *} Hall, and Clarke, , Palæontology of New York, vol. viii., pt. ii., 1893, pl. 1. figs. 46–52, p. 82Google Scholar.

^{page 165 note †} Girty, G. H., “The Guadalupian Fauna,” U.S.G.S. Professional Paper No. 58, 1908, pp. 156–199Google Scholar.

^{page 166 note *} E. Schellwien, loc. cit., p. 17; and “Beitrage zur Systematik der Strophomeniden des Oberen Palaeozoicum,” Neues Jahrbuch, Bd. i., 1900, p. 5Google Scholar.

^{page 167 note *} Salter, J. W., “Note on the Fossils from the Budleigh Salterton Pebble-Bed,” Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1864, p. 295, pl. xvii. fig. 8Google Scholar; Davidson, , Brachiopoda of the Budleigh Salterton Pebble-Bed, Pal. Soc. 1881, pl. xli. fig. 11.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note †} “Über die oberen devonischen Schichten des Mittleren Russlands,” Semenow, von P. und Von Möller, V., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sciences, St Pétersbourg, 1863, p. 691, pl. ii. fig. 10.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note ‡} Waagen, , Pal. Indica: Salt Range Fossils, 1884, iv. p. 630;Google ScholarSibly, T. F., “On the Faunal Succession in the Carboniferous Limestone of the Midland Area,” Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1908, p. 78, pl. i. fig. 7.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note §} Monographie des Genres Productus et Chonetes, 1847, pl. xx. fig. 14.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note ∥} “Palæontological Sequence in the Bristol Area,” Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1905, p. 294, pl. xxvi. fig. 2.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note ¶} As interpreted by De Koninck, loc. cit., fig. 18.

^{page 169 note *} Loc. cit., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sciences St Pétersbourg, 1863, p. 704, pl. iv. fig. B.Google Scholar

^{page 169 note †} Das fossilführende Untercarbon am östlichen Rossbergmassiv in den Vogesen, 1895, pl. xiv. fig. 4.Google Scholar

^{page 169 note ‡} Nikitin, , Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, vol. v., No. 5, 1890, pl. iGoogle Scholar. figs. 13–14.

^{page 170 note *} Monographie des Genres Productus et Ghonetes, p. 147, pl. xvi. fig. 5.

^{page 170 note †} Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1906, p. 308, pl. xxx. fig. 6.Google Scholar

^{page 171 note *} Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, vol. vi., 1888, pl. iGoogle Scholar. fig. 20.

^{page 173 note *} Faune du Calcaire Carbonifère de la Belgique, 1885, vol. v. pl. xviiiGoogle Scholar. fig. 17.

^{page 176 note *} A Monograph of the Devonian Fauna of the South of England, Pal. Soc., 1896, vol. iii. p. 43Google Scholar.

^{page 176 note †} Prodrome de Paléontologie, vol. i., 1850, p. 62Google Scholar.

^{page 176 note ‡} Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, vol. vi., 1888, pl. iGoogle Scholar. fig. i.

^{page 176 note §} Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. v., pl. xxix. fig. 2.

^{page 178 note *} Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. v. 1873, pl xviGoogle Scholar. fig. 1.

^{page 178 note †} Geol. Survey Iowa, 1858, pl. xxiii. fig. 14.

^{page 180 note *} Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1908, p. 446Google Scholar.

^{page 180 note †} Mém. Com. Géol. Russie, t. iii., 1889,Google Scholar t. vi., 1888, and t. xi., 1889.

^{page 181 note *} See Struve's, list in “Schichtenfolge in den Carbonablagerungen im südlichen Theil des moskauer Kohlenbeckens,” Mém. Acad. Imp. St Pétersbourg, 1886Google Scholar; and “Excursion XVI.,” by Messrs Tschernyschew and Loutougin, in Guide des Excursions du VII^me Congrès Géologique International, 1897.

^{page 181 note †} See notes by Mr R. G. Carruthers.