The book’s Conclusion returns to and reflects upon the arguments and themes of the book and explains the relevance of the book’s findings for our understanding of the history of foreign banks in modern China, the development of Chinese public finance and the Chinese economy, and modern economic globalization and multinational enterprises in China. The Conclusion also discusses why after 1914 we see a deterioration in the role of foreign banks in the Chinese economy. Finally, the Conclusion ends with a discussion of the return of foreign banks to China after 1978 and the role of these banks in the Chinese economy today.