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11 - Meta-Omics Approach to Unravel the Endophytic Bacterial Communities of Brassica napus and Other Agronomically Important Crops in Response to Agricultural Practices

from Part III - Diversity and Community Ecology of Endophytes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2019

By
Ridhdhi Rathore ,
Kieran J. Germaine ,
Patrick D. Forristal ,
John Spink  and
David N. Dowling
Edited by
Trevor R. Hodkinson ,
Fiona M. Doohan ,
Matthew J. Saunders  and
Brian R. Murphy
Trevor R. Hodkinson
Affiliation:
Trinity College Dublin
Fiona M. Doohan
Affiliation:
University College Dublin
Matthew J. Saunders
Affiliation:
Trinity College Dublin
Brian R. Murphy
Affiliation:
Trinity College Dublin
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Summary

Endophytes are microorganisms that colonise the internal compartments of host plants without harming the host. In many cases, endophytic bacteria have been shown to provide several beneficial effects to their host plant, including growth-promoting activity, modulation of plant metabolism and phytohormone signalling that leads to adaptation to environmental abiotic or biotic stresses. Endophytic bacterial community structure is influenced by plant genotype, soil type, abiotic and biotic factors, such as environmental conditions and microbe–microbe/plant–microbe interactions. In addition, agricultural management practices, such as soil tillage, crop rotation, and fertiliser and pesticide applications have a major effect on the function and structure of the soil, rhizosphere and endophytic bacterial communities. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important break crop in cereal crop rotation and can significantly reduce the rate of ‘take-all’ fungal disease (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) and, as a result, improves the yield of subsequent cereal crops. Additionally, oilseed rape is the world’s third largest source of vegetable oil used for human nutrition and as a source of oil for biodiesel production. Therefore, the promotion of agricultural practices that maintain the natural diversity of B. napus endophytic bacteria is receiving attention as an important element for a sustainable agricultural system that ensures crop productivity and quality while reducing inputs. This chapter reviews the existing literature on the role of endophytic bacteria in oilseed rape crop production, agricultural factors influencing oilseed rape bacterial diversity and discusses how meta-omics is enhancing our understanding of the endophytic bacteria and their function.

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Endophytes for a Growing World , pp. 232 - 249
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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