The evidence marshaled in this book supports the argument: there has been a second Americanization of management education in France, Germany and the Czech Republic. Moreover, because it reflects a new development in American academic education, entrepreneurship and – more specifically – high-tech entrepreneurship, it differs as much from the first Americanization as high-tech entrepreneurship studies and activities in the United States deviate from the management education established there after World War II.

Chapter 2 described the emergence of entrepreneurship studies in the United States as a research subject, as an educational curriculum – that is, both as academic discipline and proactive pedagogy – and as outreach programs into academia and the greater community (transversality and interdisciplinarity). Entrepreneurship studies manifested themselves in specific ways in each area. The book has not based its concept of Americanization on the degree to which other countries copied the specific forms and attributes that these studies assumed in the United States. Rather, it has established a yardstick that contains the essence of this Americanization, abstracted from the specificities of US entrepreneurship studies. One variable on the yardstick is entrepreneurial values, which had to be generally espoused for entrepreneurial research and study programs to thrive in American higher education. For Europeans to be Americanized, they had to adopt these American entrepreneurial values. This value adoption is deemed to be the important feature of Americanization – not some slavish borrowing of specific programs that might, in their specificity, be unsuited to European conditions.