Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- 1 Microscopy of soft materials
- 2 Computational methods to study jammed systems
- 3 Soft random solids: particulate gels, compressed emulsions, and hybrid materials
- 4 Langmuir monolayers
- 5 Computer modeling of granular rheology
- 6 Rheological and microrheological measurements of soft condensed matter
- 7 Particle-based measurement techniques for soft matter
- 8 Cellular automata models of granular flow
- 9 Photoelastic materials
- 10 Image acquisition and analysis in soft condensed matter
- 11 Structure and patterns in bacterial colonies
- Index
- References
6 - Rheological and microrheological measurements of soft condensed matter
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 July 2014
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Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- 1 Microscopy of soft materials
- 2 Computational methods to study jammed systems
- 3 Soft random solids: particulate gels, compressed emulsions, and hybrid materials
- 4 Langmuir monolayers
- 5 Computer modeling of granular rheology
- 6 Rheological and microrheological measurements of soft condensed matter
- 7 Particle-based measurement techniques for soft matter
- 8 Cellular automata models of granular flow
- 9 Photoelastic materials
- 10 Image acquisition and analysis in soft condensed matter
- 11 Structure and patterns in bacterial colonies
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
Fluids deform irreversibly under shear; in other words, they flow. In contrast, solids deform elastically when subjected to a small shearing force and recover their original shape when the force is removed. The behavior of what is termed soft matter is somewhere in between. Soft matter systems are typically viscoelastic, that is they display a combination of viscous (fluid-like) and elastic (solid-like) behavior. Measuring the flow behavior and the mechanical response to deformation of viscoelastic materials provides us with information that can be interpreted in terms of their small-scale structure and dynamics.
The mechanical properties of soft materials depend on the length scale probed by the measurements due to the fact that the materials are structured on length scales intermediate between the atomic and bulk scales [1]. For example, a colloidal suspension has structure on the scale of the spacing between the colloidal particles; a concentrated polymer system, on the scale of the entanglements between large molecules. As a result, their bulk properties can be quite different from properties on length scales smaller than or comparable to the structural scale. Making measurements on both macroscopic and microscopic length scales can help us to develop a better understanding of the relationship between microstructure and bulk properties in soft materials.
Following a brief introduction to viscoelasticity, this chapter will focus on two methods of measuring the viscoelastic properties of soft matter. On the macroscopic scale, rotational shear rheometry provides a well-established set of techniques for determining the mechanical properties of complex fluids.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010
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