Book contents
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System
- Human Tooth Crown and Root Morphology
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
- 1 Winging
- 2 Labial Convexity
- 3 Palatine Torus
- 4 Shoveling
- 5 Double-Shoveling
- 6 Interruption Grooves
- 7 Tuberculum Dentale
- 8 Bushman Canine
- 9 Canine Distal Accessory Ridge
- 10 Premolar Accessory Ridges
- 11 Upper Premolar Mesial and Distal Accessory Cusps
- 12 Uto-Aztecan Premolar
- 13 Metacone
- 14 Hypocone
- 15 Bifurcated Hypocone
- 16 Cusp 5
- 17 Marginal Ridge Tubercles (Protoconule, Mesial Accessory Tubercle, Mesial Paracone Tubercle)
- 18 Carabelli's Cusp
- 19 Parastyle
- 20 Enamel Extensions
- 21 Upper Premolar Root Number
- 22 Upper Molar Root Number
- 23 Upper Lateral Incisor Variants
- 24 Pegged/Reduced/Missing Third Molars
- 25 Premolar Odontomes
- 26 Midline Diastema
- 27 Lower Premolar Cusp Number
- 28 Anterior Fovea
- 29 Mandibular Torus
- 30 Lower Molar Groove Pattern
- 31 Rocker Jaw
- 32 Lower Molar Cusp Number
- 33 Deflecting Wrinkle
- 34 Distal Trigonid and Mid-Trigonid Crests
- 35 Protostylid
- 36 Cusp 6
- 37 Cusp 7
- 38 Lower First Premolar Root Number
- 39 Lower Canine Root Number
- 40 Three-Rooted Lower Molar
- 41 Lower Molar Root Number
- 42 Torsomolar Angle
- Part III Conclusions
- Appendix: Comparative Data
- Miscellaneous endmatter
- References
35 - Protostylid
from Part II - Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 April 2017
Book contents
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System
- Human Tooth Crown and Root Morphology
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
- 1 Winging
- 2 Labial Convexity
- 3 Palatine Torus
- 4 Shoveling
- 5 Double-Shoveling
- 6 Interruption Grooves
- 7 Tuberculum Dentale
- 8 Bushman Canine
- 9 Canine Distal Accessory Ridge
- 10 Premolar Accessory Ridges
- 11 Upper Premolar Mesial and Distal Accessory Cusps
- 12 Uto-Aztecan Premolar
- 13 Metacone
- 14 Hypocone
- 15 Bifurcated Hypocone
- 16 Cusp 5
- 17 Marginal Ridge Tubercles (Protoconule, Mesial Accessory Tubercle, Mesial Paracone Tubercle)
- 18 Carabelli's Cusp
- 19 Parastyle
- 20 Enamel Extensions
- 21 Upper Premolar Root Number
- 22 Upper Molar Root Number
- 23 Upper Lateral Incisor Variants
- 24 Pegged/Reduced/Missing Third Molars
- 25 Premolar Odontomes
- 26 Midline Diastema
- 27 Lower Premolar Cusp Number
- 28 Anterior Fovea
- 29 Mandibular Torus
- 30 Lower Molar Groove Pattern
- 31 Rocker Jaw
- 32 Lower Molar Cusp Number
- 33 Deflecting Wrinkle
- 34 Distal Trigonid and Mid-Trigonid Crests
- 35 Protostylid
- 36 Cusp 6
- 37 Cusp 7
- 38 Lower First Premolar Root Number
- 39 Lower Canine Root Number
- 40 Three-Rooted Lower Molar
- 41 Lower Molar Root Number
- 42 Torsomolar Angle
- Part III Conclusions
- Appendix: Comparative Data
- Miscellaneous endmatter
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System, pp. 207 - 212Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2017
References
Select Bibliography
Dahlberg, A.A. (1950). The evolutionary significance of the protostylid. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 8, 15–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dahlberg, A.A. (1956). Materials for the establishment of standards for classification of tooth characters, attributes, and techniques in morphological studies of the dentition. Zollar Laboratory of Dental Anthropology, University of Chicago (mimeo).Google Scholar
Hlusko, L. (2004). Protostylid variation in Australopithecus. Journal of Human Evolution 46, 579–594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, J.T. (1956). The Dentition of the Australopithecinae. Pretoria: Transvaal Museum Memoir, Number 9.Google Scholar
Scott, G.R. (1973). Dental Morphology: A Genetic Study of American White Families and Variation in Living Southwest Indians. PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe.Google Scholar
Scott, G.R. (1978). The relationship between Carabelli's trait and the protostylid. Journal of Dental Research 57, 570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, G.R., and Dahlberg, A.A. (1982). Microdifferentiation in tooth crown morphology among Indians of the American Southwest. In Teeth: Form, Function, and Evolution, ed. Kurten, B.. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 259–291.Google Scholar
Scott, G.R., Potter, R.H.Y., Noss, J.F., Dahlberg, A.A., and Dahlberg, T. (1983). The dental morphology of Pima Indians. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 61, 13–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skinner, M.M., Wood, B.A., and Hublin, J.-J. (2009). Protostylid expression at the enamel–dentine junction and enamel surface of mandibular molars of Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus. Journal of Human Evolution 56, 76–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, P., Propopec, M., and Pretty, G. (1988). Dentition of a prehistoric population from Roonka Flat, South Australia. Archaeology in Oceania 23, 31–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, C.G. II (1976). Dental evidence on the origins of the Ainu and Japanese. Science 193, 911–913.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, B.A., Abbott, S.A., and Graham, S.H. (1983). Analysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. II. Mandibular molars – study of cusp areas, fissure pattern and cross sectional shape of the crown. Journal of Anatomy 137, 287–314.Google ScholarPubMed