Book contents
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System
- Human Tooth Crown and Root Morphology
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
- 1 Winging
- 2 Labial Convexity
- 3 Palatine Torus
- 4 Shoveling
- 5 Double-Shoveling
- 6 Interruption Grooves
- 7 Tuberculum Dentale
- 8 Bushman Canine
- 9 Canine Distal Accessory Ridge
- 10 Premolar Accessory Ridges
- 11 Upper Premolar Mesial and Distal Accessory Cusps
- 12 Uto-Aztecan Premolar
- 13 Metacone
- 14 Hypocone
- 15 Bifurcated Hypocone
- 16 Cusp 5
- 17 Marginal Ridge Tubercles (Protoconule, Mesial Accessory Tubercle, Mesial Paracone Tubercle)
- 18 Carabelli's Cusp
- 19 Parastyle
- 20 Enamel Extensions
- 21 Upper Premolar Root Number
- 22 Upper Molar Root Number
- 23 Upper Lateral Incisor Variants
- 24 Pegged/Reduced/Missing Third Molars
- 25 Premolar Odontomes
- 26 Midline Diastema
- 27 Lower Premolar Cusp Number
- 28 Anterior Fovea
- 29 Mandibular Torus
- 30 Lower Molar Groove Pattern
- 31 Rocker Jaw
- 32 Lower Molar Cusp Number
- 33 Deflecting Wrinkle
- 34 Distal Trigonid and Mid-Trigonid Crests
- 35 Protostylid
- 36 Cusp 6
- 37 Cusp 7
- 38 Lower First Premolar Root Number
- 39 Lower Canine Root Number
- 40 Three-Rooted Lower Molar
- 41 Lower Molar Root Number
- 42 Torsomolar Angle
- Part III Conclusions
- Appendix: Comparative Data
- Miscellaneous endmatter
- References
29 - Mandibular Torus
from Part II - Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 April 2017
Book contents
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System
- Human Tooth Crown and Root Morphology
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Crown and Root Trait Descriptions
- 1 Winging
- 2 Labial Convexity
- 3 Palatine Torus
- 4 Shoveling
- 5 Double-Shoveling
- 6 Interruption Grooves
- 7 Tuberculum Dentale
- 8 Bushman Canine
- 9 Canine Distal Accessory Ridge
- 10 Premolar Accessory Ridges
- 11 Upper Premolar Mesial and Distal Accessory Cusps
- 12 Uto-Aztecan Premolar
- 13 Metacone
- 14 Hypocone
- 15 Bifurcated Hypocone
- 16 Cusp 5
- 17 Marginal Ridge Tubercles (Protoconule, Mesial Accessory Tubercle, Mesial Paracone Tubercle)
- 18 Carabelli's Cusp
- 19 Parastyle
- 20 Enamel Extensions
- 21 Upper Premolar Root Number
- 22 Upper Molar Root Number
- 23 Upper Lateral Incisor Variants
- 24 Pegged/Reduced/Missing Third Molars
- 25 Premolar Odontomes
- 26 Midline Diastema
- 27 Lower Premolar Cusp Number
- 28 Anterior Fovea
- 29 Mandibular Torus
- 30 Lower Molar Groove Pattern
- 31 Rocker Jaw
- 32 Lower Molar Cusp Number
- 33 Deflecting Wrinkle
- 34 Distal Trigonid and Mid-Trigonid Crests
- 35 Protostylid
- 36 Cusp 6
- 37 Cusp 7
- 38 Lower First Premolar Root Number
- 39 Lower Canine Root Number
- 40 Three-Rooted Lower Molar
- 41 Lower Molar Root Number
- 42 Torsomolar Angle
- Part III Conclusions
- Appendix: Comparative Data
- Miscellaneous endmatter
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Human Tooth Crown and Root MorphologyThe Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System, pp. 173 - 178Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2017
References
Select Bibliography
Axelsson, G., and Hedegard, M. (1981). Torus mandibularis among Icelanders. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 54, 383–389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hasset, B. (2006). Mandibular torus: etiology and bioarchaeological utility. Dental Anthropology 19, 1–14.Google Scholar
Haugen, L.K. (1992). Palatine and mandibular tori: a morphologic study in the current Norwegian population. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 50, 65–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hrdlička, A. (1940). Mandibular and maxillary hypertostoses. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 27, 1–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ihunwo, A.O., and Phukubye, P. (2006). The frequency and anatomical features of torus mandibularis in a Black South African population. Homo – Journal of Comparative Human Biology 57, 253–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C.C., Gorlin, R.J., and Anderson, V.E. (1965). Torus mandibularis: a genetic study. American Journal of Human Genetics 17, 433–442.Google Scholar
Moorrees, C.F.A. (1957). The Aleut Dentition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohno, N., Sakai, T., and Mizutani, T. (1988). Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in five Asian populations. Aichi-Gakuin Dental Science 1, 1–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Ossenberg, N.S. (1978). Mandibular torus: a synthesis of new and previously reported data and a discussion of its causes. In Contributions to Physical Anthropology, ed. Cybulsky, J.S.. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada, pp. 1–52.Google Scholar
Pechenkina, E.A., and Benfer, R.A. Jr. (2002). The role of occlusal stress and gingival infection in the formation of exostoses on mandible and maxilla from Neolithic China. Homo – Journal of Comparative Human Biology 53, 112–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sawyer, D.R., Allison, M.J., Elzay, R.P., and Pezzia, A. (1979). A study of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in Pre-Columbian Peruvians. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 50, 525–526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, G.R., Schomberg, R., Swenson, V., Adams, D., and Pilloud, M.A. (2016). Northern exposure: mandibular torus in the Greenlandic Norse and the whole wide world. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 161, 513–521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seah, Y.H. (2009). Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis: a review of the literature. Australian Dental Journal 40, 318–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sellevold, B.J. (1980). Mandibular torus morphology. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 53, 569–572.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suzuki, M., and Sakai, T. (1960). A familial study of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 18, 262–273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar