Book contents
- Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling
- Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Preface
- Abbreviations
- Symbols
- 1 Clouds: Definitions and Significance
- 2 Cloud Particles and Their Representation in Cloud Models
- 3 Basic Equations
- 4 Numerical Methods Used in Cloud Models
- 5 Warm Microphysical Processes
- 6 Microphysical Processes in Ice and Mixed-Phase Clouds
- 7 Modeling: A Powerful Tool for Cloud Investigation
- Book part
- Index
- References
3 - Basic Equations
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 August 2018
Book contents
- Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling
- Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Preface
- Abbreviations
- Symbols
- 1 Clouds: Definitions and Significance
- 2 Cloud Particles and Their Representation in Cloud Models
- 3 Basic Equations
- 4 Numerical Methods Used in Cloud Models
- 5 Warm Microphysical Processes
- 6 Microphysical Processes in Ice and Mixed-Phase Clouds
- 7 Modeling: A Powerful Tool for Cloud Investigation
- Book part
- Index
- References
Summary
Chapter 3 explains the thermodynamics of dry and moist air. The governing equations are derived on the basis of the laws of conservation of heat and moisture. Turbulence-related topics include the transition of laminar flow to turbulent flow, as well as the energy and statistic properties of turbulence in clouds and equations for turbulent kinetic energy for dry and cloud air. Atmospheric motions are represented as a sum of three types of motions (synoptic scale, convective and turbulent). As numerical atmospheric models deal with averaged equations, we focus on the approaches to estimating the averaging intervals basing on physical considerations. The closure hypotheses are formulated and serve as the basis for deriving equations for averaged quantities. We consider application of the closure approach using the K-theory for conservative and non-conservative quantities in cloud investigation. We analyze the averaged equations used in bin microphysics and bulk parameterizations. Chapter 3 ends with discussing the similarity of averaged and non-averaged equations, as well as similarities and differences between the turbulent and laminar Reynolds and Rayleigh numbers.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling , pp. 68 - 121Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2018
References
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