This chapter deals with the mobilizations around the Personal Status Code in post-invasion Iraq beginning with the observation of the International Women’s Day celebrations in Baghdad. First, I analyze the fragmentation of the field of women’s legal rights linked to the institutionalization of communal-based identities and the rise of conservative political groups in power since 2003. I explore particularly the divergences between Sunni and Shi`a Islamist women activist regarding the Personal Status Code despite their common representations on gender issues. I then propose an analysis of the relationship between gender issues and competing notions of nationhood. Finally, I look at the ways in which women involved in secular or religious forms of activism define women’s rights and gender norms and propose to go beyond secular/religious feminisms.