The prohibition on abortion in June 1936 was accompanied by a campaign to discredit and destroy the libertarian ideas that shaped social policy throughout the 1920s. After the ratification of the 1926 Family Code, the problems posed by divorce, alimony, family instability, and besprizornost' continued to mount. The process of forced collectivization created fresh streams of homeless, starving children, and rapid industrialization subjected the family to new and terrible strains. As women poured into the wage labor force at the end of the first Five Year Plan, the press drew increasing attention to a new phenomenon of “unsupervised and neglected” children (beznadzornos'). By 1935, the state had begun to crack down heavily on juvenile crime and the children of the streets. In 1936, jurists repudiated many of their earlier ideas, and in a clear ideological shift, demanded the strengthening and stabilization of the family. Couching the new policies in a populist appeal for social order, the Party aban-doned its earlier vision of social relations in favor of a new reliance on mass repression. The “withering-away” doctrine, once central to the socialist understanding of the family, law, and the state, was anathemized.