That Zionism should have contended with Christian presence in the Holy Land and with Christian visions for that land’s future should not come as a great surprise. A number of the components of this concern are well established and widely familiar: a renewed Christian interest in the Holy Land, which included such phenomena as travel and travelogues; the production of orientalist art that was often focused on biblical or other scenes located on that soil; the establishment and growth of the academic field of biblical archaeology; settlement that saw the establishment of American, German, and Greek colonies, to point to but a few (some of these remain neighborhoods in cities such as Jerusalem and Haifa to this day); and the establishment of churches and missionary institutions.