Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-22T16:05:40.684Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

I - African Regional Trade Agreements as Flexible Legal Regimes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2011

James Thuo Gathii
Affiliation:
Albany Law School
Get access

Summary

Introduction

Trade integration in Africa is often viewed in light of the European Union and other regional integration arrangements like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). From this perspective, integration is regarded as necessarily destined to proceed on a linear path where tariffs and non-tariff barriers are progressively eliminated, the trade regimes of member countries are linked together, and eventually their fiscal and monetary policies are harmonized. In the European experience, trade integration has been the result of a series of treaty commitments that also created a supranational organization to which the states transferred certain types of authority.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbott, K.Snidal, D.Hard and Soft Law in International GovernanceInternational Organization 54 2000 421CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipson, C.Why Are Some International Agreements Informal?International Organization 45 1991 495CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krasner, S.Structural Causes and Regime Consequences; Regimes as Intervening VariablesKrasner, S.International RegimesUtica, NYCornell University Press 1983 5Google Scholar
Raustiala, K.Compliance and Effectiveness in International Regulatory CooperationCase Western Reserve Journal of International Law 32 2000 387Google Scholar
Philip, A.PrefaceEconomic Integration Among Developing CountriesParisOECD Development Centre 1969 9Google Scholar
Bhagwati, J.US Trade Policy: The Infatuation with Free Trade AgreementsBhagwati, J.Krueger, A.O.The Dangerous Drift to Preferential Trade AgreementsWashington, DCAEI Press 1995 2Google Scholar
Dominguez, J.International Cooperation in Latin America: The Design of Regional Institutions by Slow AccretionAcharya, A.Johnson, A.Crafting Cooperation: Regional Interdependence in Comparative PerspectiveCambridge University Press 2007 94Google Scholar
Maluwa, T.The Move From Institutions? Examining the Phenomenon in AfricaProceedings of the Annual Meeting 100 2006 294Google Scholar
Naldi, G.J.Magliveras, K.D.The African Economic Community: Emancipation For African States or Yet Another Glorious Failure?North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 24 1999 601Google Scholar
McCarthy, C.Regional Integration in SubSaharan Africa: Past, Present and FutureOyejide, A.Ndulu, B.Greenway, D.Regional Integration and Trade Liberalization in SubSaharan Africa, Vol. 4: Synthesis and ReviewLondonPalgrave Macmillan 1999 230Google Scholar
Ravenhill, J.The Future of Regionalism in AfricaOnwuka, R.I.Sesay, A.The Future of Regionalism in AfricaLondonMacmillan Education 1985 5Google Scholar
Wionczek, M.S.Introduction – Present Status and Prospects of Economic Integration Movements in Developing Countries: Political Atomization and Economic Backwardness of the Southern HemisphereWionczek, M.S.Economic Cooperation in Latin America, Africa and AsiaCambridge, MAMIT Press 1969 1Google Scholar
Vaitsos, C.V.Crisis in Regional Economic Cooperation (Integration) Among Developing Countries: A SurveyWorld Development 6 1978 719CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Y.Gupta, S. 2005 5
Chayes, A.Chayes, A.H.The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory AgreementsCambridge, MAHarvard University Press 1995Google Scholar
Mutai, H.K.Compliance With International Trade Obligations: The Common Market for Eastern and Southern AfricaBostonKluwer Law International 2007Google Scholar
Isaken, J.Prospects for SACU After ApartheidOden, B.Southern Africa After Apartheid: Regional Integration and External ResourcesUppsalaNordiska Afrikainstitutet 1993 182Google Scholar
Cooper, C.A.Massell, B.F.Toward a General Theory of Customs Unions for Developing CountriesJournal of Political Economics 73 1965 461CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balassa, B.The Theory of Economic IntegrationHomewood, ILR.D. Irwin 1961Google Scholar
Viner, J.The Customs Union IssueCarnegie Endowment for International Peace 1950Google Scholar
Meade, J.E.The Theory of Customs UnionsWestport, CTGreenwood Press 1955Google Scholar
Lipsey, R.G.The Theory of Customs Unions: Trade Diversion and WelfareEconomica 24 1957CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, R.L.Integration in Less Developed AreasKyklos 14 1961 315CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meier, G.M.Effects of a Customs Union on Economic DevelopmentSocial and Economic Studies 1960 29Google Scholar
Mikesell, R.F.The Movement Towards Regional Trading Groups in Latin AmericaHirschman, A.O.Latin American Issues: Essays and CommentsNew YorkThe Twentieth Century Fund 1961Google Scholar
Mikesell, R.F.The Theory of Common Markets as Applied to Regional Arrangements Among Developing CountriesHarrod, R.Hague, D.International Trade Theory in a Developing WorldLondonPalgrave Macmillan 1963Google Scholar
Hazlewood, A.Problems of Integration Among African StatesHazlewood, A.African Integration and DisintegrationOxford University Press 1967 1Google Scholar
Green, R.H.Seidman, A.Unity or Poverty: The Economics of Pan-AfricanismLondonPenguin Books 1968 265Google Scholar
Linder, S.Trade and Trade Policy for DevelopmentPraeger Series on International Economics and Development 1967Google Scholar
Andic, F.Andic, S.Dosser, D.A Theory of Economic Integration for Developing Countries, Illustrated by Caribbean CountriesLondonAllen & Unwin 1971Google Scholar
Roessler, F.Domestic Policy Objectives and the Multilateral Trade Order: Lessons from the PastUniversity of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law 19 1998 513Google Scholar
World Trade Organization 2007 97www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/understanding_e.pdf
Bach, D.ForewordBach, D.Regionalisation in Africa: Integration and DisintegrationOxfordJames Currey 1999Google Scholar
Deutsch, K.The Analysis of International RelationsNew JerseyPrentice Hall 1988Google Scholar
Haas, E.The Study of Regional Integration: Reflections on the Joy of and Anguish of Pre-TheorizingLindberg, L.Scheingold, S.Regional Integration: Theory and ResearchCambridge, MAHarvard University Press 1971Google Scholar
Hettne, B.Globalization, Regionalism and the New Third WorldPoku, N.Pettiford, L.Redefining the Third WorldNew YorkSt. Martin's Press 1998Google Scholar
Rothchild, D.Curry, R.L.Scarcity, Choice and Public Policy in Middle AfricaBerkeleyUniversity of California Press 1978 228Google Scholar
Wa Mutua, M.Why Redraw the Map of Africa: A Legal and Moral InquiryMichigan Journal of International Law 16 1995 1113Google Scholar
Charterjee, P.Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative DiscourseMinneapolisUniversity of Minnesota Press 1993Google Scholar
Anderson, B.Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of NationalismLondonVerso 1991Google Scholar
Alvarez, J.E.How Not to Link: Institutional Conundrums of an Expanded Trade RegimeWidener Law Symposium Journal 7 2001 1Google ScholarPubMed
Hazlewood, A.Economic Instrumentalities of Statecraft and the End of the EACPotholm, C.Fredland, R.Integration and Disintegration in East AfricaLondonUniversity Press of America 1980 123Google Scholar
Rosenau, J.N.Czempiel, E.O.Governance Without Government: Order and Change in World PoliticsCambridge University Press 1992CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gathii, J.T.War, Commerce and International LawOxford University Press 2010Google Scholar
Weiler, J.H.H.The Transformation of EuropeYale Law Journal 100 1991 2403CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nye, J.Pan-Africanism and East African IntegrationCambridge, MAHarvard University Press 1965 250CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koh, H.H.How is International Human Rights Law Enforced?Indiana Law Journal 74 1999 1397Google Scholar
Koh, H.Transnational Legal ProcessNebraska Law Review 75 1986 181Google Scholar
Koh, H.On American ExceptionalismStanford Law Review 55 2003 1479Google Scholar
Guzman, A.A Compliance-Based Theory of International LawCalifornia Law Review 90 2002 1823CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abbott, K.W.The Concept of LegalizationInternational Organization 54 2000 401CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, C.R.Enmeshment as a Theory of ComplianceNew York University Journal of International Law and Policy 37 2005 303Google Scholar
Oh, H.Weiss, E.Strengthening Compliance With International Environmental Accords: Preliminary Observations from a Collaborative ProjectGlobal Governance 1 1995 119Google Scholar
Helfer, L.R.Alter, K.J.Florencia Guerzovich, M.Islands of Effective International Adjudication: Constructing An Intellectual Property Rule of Law in the Andean CommunityAmerican Journal of International Law 103 2009 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, C.B.African Initiatives for Development: The Practice of Regional Economic Cooperation in Southern AfricaJournal of International Affairs 46 1992 125Google Scholar
Mytelka, L.The Salience of Gains in Third-World Integrative SystemsWorld Politics 25 1973 236CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poku, N.Regionalization and Security in Southern AfricaLondonPalgrave Macmillan 2001 15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, P.Economic Integration in AfricaEvanston, ILNorthwestern University Press 1968 285Google Scholar
Asante, S.K.B.Towards An African Economic CommunityAfrica Institute of South Africa 2001 15Google Scholar
Ezenwe, U.ECOWAS and the Economic Integration of West AfricaLondonPalgrave Macmillan 1983 114Google Scholar
Robson, P.Problems of Integration Between Senegal and GambiaHazlewood, A.African Integration and DisintegrationOxford University Press 1967 115Google Scholar
Amdetsion, F.Scrutinizing the Scorpion Problematique: Arguments in Favor of the Continued Relevance of International Law and a Multidisciplinary Approach to Resolving the Nile DisputeTexas International Law Journal 44 2008 1Google Scholar
Axline, W.A.Underdevelopment, Dependence and Integration: The Politics of Regionalism in the Third WorldGhosh, P.Economic Integration in the Third WorldGamani Corea 1994 25Google Scholar
Saasa, O.S.Background to Regional Integration in AfricaSaasa, O.S.Joining the Future: Economic Integration and Co-operation in AfricaNairobiAfrican Centre for Technology Studies Press 1991 1Google Scholar
Mansfield, E.D.Bronson, R.Alliances, Preferential Trading Arrangements, International TradeAmerican Political Science Review 91 1997 94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powers, K.L. 2001
Bearce, D.Grasping the Commercial Institutional PeaceInternational Studies Quarterly 47 2003 347CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agu, V.Correia, A.N.Behbehani, K.Strengthening International Health Co-Operation in Africa Through the Regional Economic CommunitiesAfrican Journal of Health Science 14 2007 104Google Scholar
Hazlewood, A.Economic Integration: The East African ExperienceNew YorkSt. Martin's Press 1975 14Google Scholar
Mugomba, A.Regional Organizations and African Underdevelopment: The Collapse of the East African CommunityJournal of Modern African Studies 16 1978 261CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saasa, O.S.59
Haas, E.The Uniting of EuropeStanford University Press 1958 313Google Scholar
Shaw, T.M.14
Myrdal, G.Economic Theory and Underdeveloped RegionsNew YorkHarper & Row 1957Google Scholar
Robson, P.Integration, Development, and Equity: Economic Integration in West AfricaLondonUnwin Hyman 1968 33Google Scholar
Collier, P.Wars, Guns and Votes: Democracy in Dangerous PlacesNew YorkHarperCollins 2009 191Google Scholar
Nwachukwu, I.Nigeria and the ECOWAS Since 1985: Towards a Dynamic Regional IntegrationNigeriaFourth Dimension Publishing Co 1991 21Google Scholar
Akanle, O.The Legal and Institutional Framework of the African Economic CommunityAjomo, M.A.Adewale, O.African Economic Community Treaty: Issues, Problems and ProspectsNigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies 1993 31Google Scholar
Assessing Regional Integration in Africa IIAddis AbabaUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa 2004 17
Mwaura, C.Schmeidl, S.Early Warning and Conflict Management in the Horn of AfricaLawrenceville, NJThe Red Sea Press, Inc 2002
Collier, Democracy in Dangerous PlacesGat, A.War in Human CivilizationOxford University Press 2006 658Google Scholar
Gathii, J.Third World Approaches to International Economic GovernanceFalk, R.Rajagopal, B.Stevens, J.International Law and the Third World: Reshaping JusticeAbingdonRoutledge-Cavendish 2008 255Google Scholar
Nkurumah, K.Africa Must UniteLondonPanaf Books 1963 101Google Scholar
Organization for African Unity (OAU)Lagos Plan of Action for Economic Development of Africa 1980–2000Addis AbabaOAU 1980Google Scholar
Nyerere, J.K.Ujamaa-Essays on SocialismOxford University Press 1968Google Scholar
Franck, T.M.East African Unity Through LawYale University Press 1964 3Google Scholar
Apter, D.The Political Kingdom of UgandaPrinceton University Press 1961 7Google Scholar
Boutros-Ghali, B.The Addis Ababa CharterInternational Conciliation 546 1964 19Google Scholar
Mengisteab, K.Globalization and Autocentricity in Africa's Development in the 21st CenturyTrenton, NJAfrica World Press 1996 172Google Scholar
Biersteker, T.J.Self-Reliance in Theory and Practice in Tanzanian Trade RelationsInternational Organizations 34 1980 229CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cervenka, Z.The Unfinished Quest for Unity: Africa and the OAULondonJulian Friedmann 1977Google Scholar
Gathii, J.A Critical Appraisal of the NEPAD Agenda in Light of Africa's Place in the World Trade Regime in an Era of Market Centered DevelopmentTransnational Law and Contemporary Problems 13 2003 179Google Scholar
Jawara, F.Kwa, A.Behind the Scenes at the WTO: The Real World of Trade Negotiations: The Lessons of Cancun XVLondonZed Books 2004Google Scholar
Gathii, J.The High Stakes of WTO ReformMichigan Law Review 104 2006 1361Google Scholar
Adésínà, J. O.Graham, Y.Olukoshi, A.Africa and Development Challenges in the New Millennium: the NEPAD DebateLondonZed Books 2006

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×