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Gerald of Wales and the Prophet Merlin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2012

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Summary

My subject is the remarkable role of the prophet Merlin in English politics from Henry II through to King John, as evidenced by the writer who outlived them both, Gerald of Wales. Gerald was born in 1146, just a few years after the publication of Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain; he died in 1223, after a long retirement from a busy but ultimately disappointing life: he had been a student and master in Paris, a courtier and diplomat in the service of Henry II and his successor Richard, an archdeacon of Brecon, but his dream of becoming a distinguished bishop had come to nothing. Despite all his business, he was an extremely prolific writer. Below is an approximate chronology of Gerald's works that are relevant to my argument (he in fact wrote much more).

  1. Topographia Hibernica (The Topography of Ireland). 1st recension 1187, dedicated to Henry II; 2nd recension 1189; 3rd recension early thirteenth century.

  2. Vaticinalis historia (The Prophetic History). There are two recensions: version α, 1189, dedicated to Count Richard; and version β, pre-dating 1218, entitled Expugnatio Hibernica (The Conquest of Ireland).

  3. Itinerarium Kambriae (The Journey through Wales). 1st edition 1191; 2nd edition 1197; 3rd edition 1214.

  4. Gemma ecclesiastica (The Jewel of the Church). 1197.

  5. De invectionibus. Begun 1200, completed 1216.

  6. De principis instructione. Book I, a Mirror for Princes, published 1192; books II-III, a scathing account of the Plantagenet kings, not released until 1217.

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Anglo-Norman Studies 31
Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2008
, pp. 90 - 103
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2009

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