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7 - General Dynamics of Fronts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2017

Mankin Mak
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
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Summary

This is a long chapter that addresses the nature of general frontal dynamics as manifested in a frontal model that has virtually no dynamical constraint. The discussions are based on three investigations using a high-resolution Advanced Research Weather Research Forecasting model that is run in the non-hydrostatic mode including diabatic heating. The basic state is a realistic baroclinic jet straddling across a dynamic tropopause. Quite realistic surface cold front and warm front as well as an upper-level front are simultaneously simulated. They are shown to be integral parts of an intensifying synoptic baroclinic wave. We particularly investigate why cold fronts are characteristically much narrower, longer and more intense than the warm fronts. We delineate the structural and dynamical properties of the model upper-level front. We show that while the appropriate metric of surface frontogenesis is D/Dt |∇_2 θ|, the metric for upper-level frontogenesis is D/Dt |∇θ|, where ∇_2 and ∇ are 2D and 3D gradient operators respectively. We finally investigate whether, how, and why upper-level front could synergistically interact with a surface cold front.
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

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  • General Dynamics of Fronts
  • Mankin Mak, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
  • Book: Atmospheric Frontal Dynamics
  • Online publication: 03 November 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316459584.008
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  • General Dynamics of Fronts
  • Mankin Mak, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
  • Book: Atmospheric Frontal Dynamics
  • Online publication: 03 November 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316459584.008
Available formats
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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • General Dynamics of Fronts
  • Mankin Mak, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
  • Book: Atmospheric Frontal Dynamics
  • Online publication: 03 November 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316459584.008
Available formats
×