Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Contents
- List of Photographs
- List of maps
- List of Charts
- Acknowledgements
- List of contributors
- Abbreviations
- Codenames
- Chronology
- Military symbols on maps
- Military History and 1943: A Perspective 70 Years on
- Part 1 Strategy in 1943
- 1 MacArthur and Curtin
- 2 MacArthur's War
- 3 The Japanese Army's Search for a New South Pacific Strategy, 1943
- Part 2 US Operations
- Part 3 From Sea and Sky: the RAN and the RAAF
- Part 4 The Australian Role in Cartwheel
- Conclusion
- Index
- References
2 - MacArthur's War
Strategy, Command and Plans for the 1943 Offensives
from Part 1 - Strategy in 1943
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 December 2013
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Contents
- List of Photographs
- List of maps
- List of Charts
- Acknowledgements
- List of contributors
- Abbreviations
- Codenames
- Chronology
- Military symbols on maps
- Military History and 1943: A Perspective 70 Years on
- Part 1 Strategy in 1943
- 1 MacArthur and Curtin
- 2 MacArthur's War
- 3 The Japanese Army's Search for a New South Pacific Strategy, 1943
- Part 2 US Operations
- Part 3 From Sea and Sky: the RAN and the RAAF
- Part 4 The Australian Role in Cartwheel
- Conclusion
- Index
- References
Summary
The United States came to the defence of Australia with reticence. The US pre-war plans for the Pacific enshrined in War Plan Orange had not included Australia as a significant base or partner in the event of a war against Japan. Plans for the US advance across the Pacific had also primarily focused on the central and northern part of the ocean.
Yet this had not meant that Australia had been completely discarded. The move by US military officials from national to coalition war planning after the start of the war in Europe in 1939 meant that Australia appeared on a number of occasions in the US ‘Rainbow’ series of war plans. In some of these plans the Australian mainland was mentioned, but only as a stopover port for the US fleet on its way to possible operations in Southeast Asia. Of greater importance to the United States were the Australian mandated territories in the South Pacific.
During the 1920s and 1930s these territories, especially Rabaul on the eastern tip of New Britain, had often been suggested by US planning groups as a possible avenue of advance against the Japanese in the event of war, but after detailed discussions this option ‘had always been rejected’. The strategic location of these territories, adjacent to the Japanese possessions in the Central Pacific, meant that their importance to both the Japanese and the Americans was self-evident. As such an agreement between the US and Australian governments was reached in October 1941 that allowed for the US military to help secure the Australian territories. But by the time US forces were ready to deploy to Rabaul and the surrounding islands they had already fallen to the Japanese.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Australia 1943The Liberation of New Guinea, pp. 45 - 67Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2013