six - Easy pickings or hard profession? Begging as an economic activity
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 July 2022
Summary
[A]s to outlandish and strange beggars they ought not to be borne with … for all the great rogueries … are done by these. (Martin Luther, Liber Vagatorum, 1528)
[T]he beggar who suns himself by the side of the highway, possesses that security which kings are fighting for. (Adam Smith, A theory of moral sentiments, 1757)
A beggar, looked at realistically, is simply a businessman, getting his living, like other businessmen, in the way that comes to hand. He has not, more than most modern people, sold his honour; he has merely made the mistake of choosing a trade at which it is impossible to grow rich. (George Orwell, Down and out in Paris and London, 1933)
“When I was a kid I run away from the children's home, ‘cos I didn't like it, and er, didn't have no money, so I had to beg for food and stuff like that, and er, then I got into drugs, like, so I had to start begging for drugs; ‘cos … when I got like old enough the DHSS didn't want to know me [or] give me money ‘cos I was homeless…. I’ve been on the streets since I was about 13…. I hate it … it's not nice waking up in the morning cold and all that…. [A]ll my rights have been tooken away from me really … ‘cos of the way people treat you. Like, they sort of sweep you under the carpet.” (A 36-year-old London beggar, 1997)
Begging is a perennial phenomenon, capable of a variety of competing interpretations. The first three of the epigraphs above, separated in provenance by approximately 200-year intervals, give expression to three quite different mythologies about the nature of beggars and begging: the fourth reflects contemporary reality. Although begging has lately returned to the agenda as a political issue (see Chapter Two in this volume), from a policy perspective little research has been devoted to the contemporary manifestation of the phenomenon, except in so far that begging is associated with homelessness (for example, Murdoch, 1994). This is understandable in the late modern context: the temporo-spatial revolution that shrinks the globe we inhabit (Giddens, 1990) can dislocate the sense of ‘home’ (Walter, 1979), bringing a new dimension to the meaning of homelessness and new fears regarding the spaces occupied by people who are literally homeless (Wardhaugh, 1996, and Chapter Seven in this volume).
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- Begging QuestionsStreet-Level Economic Activity and Social Policy Failure, pp. 83 - 100Publisher: Bristol University PressPrint publication year: 1999