Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Behavioural Diversity in Pan
- PART I BEHAVIOURAL FLEXIBILITY
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Multivariate and phylogenetic approaches to understanding chimpanzee and bonobo behavioral diversity
- 2 Chimpanzees in the dry habitats of Assirik, Senegal and Semliki Wildlife Reserve, Uganda
- 3 Behavioural adaptations to water scarcity in Tongo chimpanzees
- 4 Bonobos of the Lukuru Wildlife Research Project
- 5 Grooming-hand-clasp in Mahale M Group chimpanzees: implications for culture in social behaviours
- PART II SOCIAL RELATIONS
- PART III FEMALE STRATEGIES
- PART IV HUNTING AND FOOD SHARING
- PART V GENETIC DIVERSITY
- Index
1 - Multivariate and phylogenetic approaches to understanding chimpanzee and bonobo behavioral diversity
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 February 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Behavioural Diversity in Pan
- PART I BEHAVIOURAL FLEXIBILITY
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Multivariate and phylogenetic approaches to understanding chimpanzee and bonobo behavioral diversity
- 2 Chimpanzees in the dry habitats of Assirik, Senegal and Semliki Wildlife Reserve, Uganda
- 3 Behavioural adaptations to water scarcity in Tongo chimpanzees
- 4 Bonobos of the Lukuru Wildlife Research Project
- 5 Grooming-hand-clasp in Mahale M Group chimpanzees: implications for culture in social behaviours
- PART II SOCIAL RELATIONS
- PART III FEMALE STRATEGIES
- PART IV HUNTING AND FOOD SHARING
- PART V GENETIC DIVERSITY
- Index
Summary
INTRODUCTION
Primates exhibit considerable diversity in their social systems (Smuts et al. 1987), a phenomenon that is thought to have evolved through the interaction of many factors. These include: (1) ecological variables, particularly predation pressure and the abundance and distribution of food (Alexander 1974; Wrangham 1979, 1980, 1987; van Schaik 1983, 1989, 1996; Sterck et al. 1997); (2) social factors, primarily sexual selection and the potential risk of infanticide (Wrangham 1979; Watts 1989; van Schaik 1996); (3) demographic and life history variables (DeRousseau 1990; Ross 1998); and (4) phylogenetic constraints (Wilson 1975; DiFiore & Rendall 1994). Generally, tests of models of the effect of these variables on behavior have been made through broad comparisons of many taxa, usually across genera (Wrangham 1980; van Schaik 1989; DiFiore & Rendall 1994; Sterck et al. 1997). There have been fewer attempts to consider the influence of these factors on variability in social organization within and between closely related taxa, largely as a result of a dearth of species for which such data are available (but see Mitchell et al. 1991; Koenig et al. 1998; Boinski 1999; Barton 2000). In addition, most tests have focused intensively on a single class of traits, and their proposed influence on behavior (e.g. the influence of ecology on behavior, van Schaik 1989; but see Nunn & van Schaik 2000), rather than the role of all proposed factors. To date, no study has quantitatively examined the combined influence of ecology, habitat, demography, and phylogeny on behavior.
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- Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos , pp. 14 - 34Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2002
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