The Saudi government is educating its young population, with the vast majority attending higher educational institutions in the Kingdom and the brightest students being sent to study overseas, sponsored by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ Overseas Scholarship Programme – better known in the West as the King Abdullah Scholarship Programme (KASP). In fact, it was the leaders of the Kingdom’s universities, rectors and senior supporting personnel, who convinced the Saudi government to transform the Kingdom into a knowledge-based economy and, by extension, society, by utilizing its considerable resources to better educate and build its human capital. This chapter discusses young men’s opinions of the education system and the degree to which it prepares them for tertiary education and employment. The chapter also looks at the extent of societal transformation in Saudi Arabia, as well as the impact of globalization on Saudi society.