These passages, from Jürgen Habermas's “What Does Socialism Mean Today?,' surely sound strange. Biblical allusions to blindness and to heaven? From one who promotes communicative rationality as the “completion of the modern project”? From one who explicitly rejects nostalgic, romantic, and Utopian visions of socialism? Yet they provide clues that help explain Habermas's continued commitment to socialism. Socialism is not dead, nor will it rise again. In response to recent events, Habermas suggests a different, less dialectical, approach to resurrection. The possibilities of “actually existing socialism” are exhausted, but “socialism-as-critique” remains a source of hope. It retains the “intuitions” and “impulses” of a humanity that makes its history with conscious will. For Habermas, socialism is to be sustained as a “discourse-in-exile.” What's left of Marx in this is the tradition of Jewish mysticism.