Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g78kv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-28T07:52:02.521Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

23 - The Physical Environment and Creativity

A Theoretical Framework

from Environmental Differences in Creativity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2019

By
Jan Dul
Edited by
James C. Kaufman  and
Robert J. Sternberg
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Get access

Summary

This chapter attempts to unpack the relationship between the physical environment and creativity, and to combine published ideas and empirical evidence on this relationship into a theoretical framework. The framework describes three possible paths between the physical environment and creativity: functionality (the ability of the physical environment to facilitate creative activities), meaning (the symbolic meaning concealed in a set of physical properties of the environment), and mood (the ability of physical items to induce emotional responses over the short term). From the available evidence, it appears that the optimum physical environment for enhancing creativity depends on individual needs and on the phase of the person’s creativity process. “Freedom” appears a core characteristic: The person must feel free and must be able to adapt or choose the environment to fit individual needs and the creativity phase.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Creativity , pp. 481 - 510
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aiello, J. R., DeRisi, D. T., Epstein, Y. M., & Karlin, R. A. (1977). Crowding and the role of interpersonal distance preference. Sociometry, 271–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ainsworth, R. A., Simpson, L., & Cassell, D. (1993). Effects of three colors in an office interior on mood and performance. Perceptual and motor skills, 76(1), 235–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alencar, E. U. & Bruno-Faria, M. A. (1997). Characteristics of on organizational environment which stimulate and inhibit creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 31, 271–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amabile, T. M. (1998). How to kill creativity. Harvard Business Review, 87.Google Scholar
Amabile, T. M. (2013). Componential theory of creativity. In Kessler, E. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Management Theory (pp. 135–140). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Amabile, T. M., Barsade, S. G., Mueller, J. S., & Staw, B. M. (2005). Affect and creativity at work. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50, 367–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 1154–1184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amabile, T. M. & Gryskiewicz, N. D. (1989). The creative environment scales: Work environment inventory. Creativity Research Journal, 2, 231–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appelbaum, E., Bailey, T., Kalleberg, A. L., & Berg, P. (2000). Manufacturing advantage: Why high-performance work systems pay off. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Baas, M., De Dreu, C. K., & Nijstad, B. A. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus?. Psychological bulletin, 134(6), 779–806.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Basadur, M. (1987). Needed research in creativity for business and industrial applications. In Isaksen, S. G. (ed.), Frontiers of creativity research: Beyond the basics (pp. 390–416). Buffalo, NY: Bearly.Google Scholar
Bayton, J. A. (1958). Motivation, cognition, learning: Basic factors in consumer behavior. The Journal of Marketing, 22, 282–289.Google Scholar
Beatty, E. L. & Ball, L. J. (2011). Investigating exceptional poets to inform an understanding of the relationship between poetry and design. In Proceedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design (pp. 157–165). New York: Association for Computing Machinery.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bieraugel, M. & Neill, S. (2017). Ascending bloom’s pyramid: Fostering student creativity and innovation in academic library spaces. College and Research Libraries, 78, 35–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bitner, M. J. (1992). Servicescapes: The impact of physical surroundings on customers and employees. The Journal of Marketing, 56(2), 57–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanchette, D. M., Ramocki, S. P., Od́el, J. N., & Casey, M. S. (2005). Aerobic exercise and creative potential: Immediate and residual effects. Creativity Research Journal, 17, 257–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumberg, M. & Pringle, C. D. (1982). The missing opportunity in organizational research: Some implications for a theory of work performance. Academy of Management Review, 7(4), 560–569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boubekri, M., Hull, R. B., & Boyer, L. L. (1991). Impact of window size and sunlight penetration on office workers ́mood and satisfaction: A novel way of assessing sunlight. Environment and Behavior, 23, 474–493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyce, P., Hunter, C., & Howlett, O. (2003). The benefits of daylight through windows. Troy, New York: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.Google Scholar
Bringslimark, T., Hartig, T., & Patil, G. G. (2007). Psychological benefits of indoor plants in workplaces: Putting experimental results into context. HortScience, 42(3), 581–587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ceylan, C. & Dul., J. (2007). Expert opinions on human resource practices for creativity stimulating work environments for innovation in Turkey, The Netherlands and Brazil. In P. G. Benson, A. Mahajan, R. Alas, & R. L. Oliver (eds.), Changes in society, changes in organizations, and the changing role of HRM: Managing international human resources in a complex world. Proceedings of the 9th International Human Resource Conference.Google Scholar
Ceylan, C. & Dul., J. (2019). The place to be: Organizational culture and organizational climate for creativity. In Lubart, T., Botella, M., Caroff, X., Mouchiroud, C., Nelson, J., & Zenasni, F. (eds.), Homo creativus: The 7 C’s of human creativity. Singapore: Springer.Google Scholar
Ceylan, C., Dul, J., & Aytac, S. (2008). Can the office environment stimulate a manager’s creativity? Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing and Service Industries, 18, 589–602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapanis, A., Garner, W. R., & Morgan, C. T. (1948). Applied experimental psychology: Human factors in engineering design. London: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Coradi, A., Heinzen, M., & Boutellier, R. (2015). A longitudinal study of workspace design for knowledge exploration and exploitation in the research and development process. Creativity and Innovation Management, 24(1), 55–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M. A. (2009). Understanding the relationship between mood and creativity: A meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108, 25–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Paoli, D., Sauer, E., & Ropo, A. (2017). The spatial context of organizations: A critique of “creative workspaces.” Journal of Management and Organization, 1–22.Google Scholar
Diedrich, J., Benedek, M., Jauk, E., & Neubauer, A. C. (2015). Are creative ideas novel and useful? Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9, 35–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dolan, P. & Metcalfe, R. (2012). The relationship between innovation and subjective wellbeing. Research Policy, 41, 1489–1498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorniak-Wall, K. (2016). A review of integrated approaches to the study of creativity: A proposal for a systems framework for creativity. In Corazza, G. E. & Agnoli, S. (eds.), Multidisciplinary contributions to the science of creative thinking (pp. 33–52). Singapore: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dul, J. (2016). Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) logic and methodology of “Necessary but Not Sufficient” causality. Organizational Research Methods, 19, 10–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dul, J., Bruder, R., Buckle, P., Carayon, P., Falzon, P., Marras, W. S., … & van der Doelen, B. (2012). A strategy for human factors/ergonomics: Developing the discipline and profession. Ergonomics, 55, 377–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dul, J. & Ceylan, C. (2011). Work environments for employee creativity. Ergonomics, 54, 12–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dul, J. & Ceylan, C. (2014). The impact of a creativity‐supporting work environment on a firm’s product innovation performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31, 1254–1267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dul, J., Ceylan, C., & Jaspers, F. (2011). Knowledge workers’ creativity and the role of the physical work environment. Human Resource Management, 50, 715–734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dul, J., Karwowski, M. & Kaufman, J. (2019). Necessary Condition Analysis in creativity research. In Viktor Dörfler and Marc Stierand (Ed.), Handbook of research methods on creativity (Handbooks of Research Methods in Management). UK: Edward Elgar (forthcoming).Google Scholar
Elliot, A. J. & Maier, M. A. (2014). Color psychology: Effects of perceiving color on psychological functioning in humans. Annual Review of Psychology, 65, 95–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elsbach, K. D. & Pratt, M. G. (2007). The physical environment in organizations. The Academy of Management Annals, 1, 181–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furnham, A. & Strbac, L. (2002). Music is as distracting as noise: The differential distraction of background music and noise on the cognitive test performance of introverts and extraverts. Ergonomics, 45, 203–217.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Galasiu, A. D. & Veitch, J. A. (2006). Occupant preferences and satisfaction with the luminous environment and control systems in daylit offices: A literature review. Energy and Buildings, 38(7), 728–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, J. M. (2007). Creativity in organizations. The Academy of Management Annals, 1, 439–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, J. M. & Zhou, J. (2002). Understanding when bad moods foster creativity and good ones don’t: The role of context and clarity of feelings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 687–697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
George, J. M. & Zhou, J. (2007). Dual tuning in a supportive context: Joint contributions of positive mood, negative mood, and supervisory behaviors to employee creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 605–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1986). The ecological approach to visual perception. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Glăveanu, V. P. (2013). Rewriting the language of creativity: The Five A’s framework. Review of General Psychology, 17(1), 69–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glăveanu, V. P., Tanggaard, L., & Wegener, C. (2016). Creativity: A new vocabulary. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Guegan, J., Nelson, J., & Lubart, T. (2017). The relationship between contextual cues in virtual environments and creative processes. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20, 202–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haner, U.‐E. (2005). Spaces for creativity and innovation in two established organizations. Creativity and Innovation Management, 14, 288–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hauff, S., Guerci, M., Dul, J., & Van Rhee, H. (2018). Exploring necessary conditions in HRM research: Fundamental issues and methodological implications. Working paper.Google Scholar
Hemlin, S., Allwood, C. M., & Martin, B. R. (2008). Creative knowledge environments. Creativity Research Journal, 20, 196–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoff, E. V. & Öberg, N. K. (2015). The role of the physical work environment for creative employees: A case study of digital artists. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26, 1889–1906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horng, J.-S., Tsai, C.-Y., Liu, C.-H., & Chung, D. Y.-C. (2015). Measuring employee’s creativity: A new theoretical model and empirical study for tourism industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 20, 1353–1373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horng, J.-S., Tsai, C.-Y., Yang, T.-C., & Liu, C.-H. (2016). Exploring the relationship between proactive personality, work environment and employee creativity among tourism and hospitality employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 54, 25–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hume, D. (1777). An enquiry concerning human understanding. London: Pearson.Google Scholar
Hunter, S. T., Bedell, K. E., & Mumford, M. D. (2007). Climate for creativity: A quantitative review. Creativity Research Journal, 19, 69–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hygge, S. & Knez, I. (2001). Effects of noise, heat and indoor lighting on cognitive performance and self-reported affect. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 291–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isen, A. M., Daubman, K. A., & Nowicki, G. P. (1987). Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jahncke, H., Eriksson, K., & Naula, S. (2015). The effects of auditive and visual settings on perceived restoration likelihood. Noise and Health, 17(74), 1–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jumeno, D. & Matsumoto, H. (2016). The effects of indoor foliage plants on perceived air quality, mood, attention, and productivity. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture Research, 3(4), 1359–1370.Google Scholar
Kallio, T. J., Kallio, K.-M., & Blomberg, A. J. (2015). Physical space, culture and organisational creativity: A longitudinal study. Facilities, 33, 389–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karwowski, M., Dul, J., Gralewski, J., Jauk, E., Jankowska, D. M., Gajda, A., et al. (2016). Is creativity without intelligence possible? A necessary condition analysis. Intelligence, 57 105–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kasof, J. (1997). Creativity and breadth of attention. Creativity Research Journal, 10(4), 303–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufmann, G. (2003). Expanding the mood-creativity equation. Creativity Research Journal, 15, 131–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, K. & Choi, S. B. (2017). Influences of creative personality and working environment on the research productivity of business school faculty. Creativity Research Journal, 29, 10–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J. & de Dear, R. (2013). Workspace satisfaction: The privacy–communication trade-off in open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 18–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knasko, S. C. (1992). Ambient odors’ effect on creativity, mood, and perceived health. Chemical Senses, 17, 27–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knez, I. (1995). Effects of indoor lighting on mood and cognition. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15, 39–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knez, I. (2001). Effects of colour of light on nonvisual psychological processes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 201–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, A. P. & Baer, M. (2014). Get up, stand up: the effects of a non-sedentary workspace on information elaboration and group performance. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5, 910–917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kombeiz, O. & Steidle, A. (2018). Facilitation of creative performance by using blue and red accent lighting in work and learning areas. Ergonomics, 61(3), 456–463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Küller, R., Ballal, S., Laike, T., Mikellides, B., & Tonello, G. (2006). The impact of light and colour on psychological mood: A cross-cultural study of indoor work environments. Ergonomics, 49(14), 1496–1507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Küller, R., Mikellides, B., & Janssens, J. (2009). Color, arousal, and performance. A comparison of three experiments. Color Research and Application, 34(2),141–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwallek, N. & Lewis, C. M. (1990). Effects of environmental colour on males and females: A red or white or green office. Applied Ergonomics, 21, 275–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kwallek, N., Soon, K., & Lewis, C. M. (2007). Work week productivity, visual complexity, and individual environmental sensitivity in three offices of different color interiors. Journal of Color Research and Application, 32(2), 130–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwallek, N., Woodson, H., Lewis, C. M., & Sales, C. (1997). Impact of three interior color schemes on worker mood and performance relative to individual environmental sensitivity.Color Research and Application, 22, 121–132.3.0.CO;2-V>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landry, D. R. (2012). Encouraging creativity in the workplace through the physical environment: Focusing of the office workstation. Thesis from the Architecture Program, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.Google Scholar
Lans, L. V. (2015). Stand up if you mind! How does body position affect creativity and problem solving? Master’s dissertation, Leiden University.Google Scholar
Larsen, L., Adams, J., Deal, B., Kweon, B. S., & Tyler, E. (1998). Plants in the workplace the effects of plant density on productivity, attitudes, and perceptions. Environment and Behavior, 30(3), 261–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laursen, K., Masciarelli, F., & Prencipe, A. (2012). Regions matter: How localized social capital affects innovation and external knowledge acquisition. Organization Science, 23(1), 177–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laursen, K., Masciarelli, F., & Prencipe, A. (2012). Regions matter: How localized social capital affects innovation and external knowledge acquisition. Organization Science, 23(1), 177–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S. Y., & Brand, J. L. (2005). Effects of control over office workspace on perceptions of the work environment and work outcomes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25, 323–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S. Y., & Brand, J. L. (2010). Can personal control over the physical environment ease distractions in office workplaces? Ergonomics, 53, 324–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, Y. S. (2016). Creative workplace characteristics and innovative start-up companies. Facilities, 34, 413–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leenders, M. A., Smidts, A., & El Haji, A. (2016). Ambient scent as a mood inducer in supermarkets: The role of scent intensity and time-pressure of shoppers. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services.Google Scholar
Lesiuk, T. (2005). The effect of music listening on work performance. Psychology of Music, 33(2), 173–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichtenfeld, S., Elliot, A. J., Maier, M. A., & Pekrun, R. (2012). Fertile green facilitates creative performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(6), 784–797.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lubart, T., Botella, M., Caroff, X., Mouchiroud, C., Nelson, J., & Zenasni, F (eds.). (2019). Homo creativus: The 7 C’s of human creativity. Singapore: Springer.Google Scholar
Lukersmith, S. & Burgess-Limerick, R. (2013). The perceived importance and the presence of creative potential in the health professionals’ work environment. Ergonomics, 56, 922–934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lundström, A., Savolainen, J., & Kostiainen, E. (2016). Case study: Developing campus spaces through co-creation. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 12(6), 409–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malinin, L. H. (2016). Creative practices embodied, embedded, and enacted in architectural settings: Toward an ecological model of creativity. Frontiers in psychology, 6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
May, D. R., Oldham, G. R., & Rathert, C. (2005). Employee affective and behavioral reactions to the spatial density of physical work environments. Human Resource Management, 44, 21–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCoy, J. M. & Evans, G. W. (2002). The potential role of the physical environment in fostering creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 14, 409–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehta, R. & Zhu, R. J. (2009). Blue or red? Exploring the effect of color on cognitive task performances. Science, 323(5918), 1226–1229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehta, R., Zhu, R., & Cheema, A. (2012). Is noise always bad? Exploring the effects of ambient noise on creative cognition. Journal of Consumer Research, 39(4), 784–799.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moultrie, J., Nilsson, M., Dissel, M., Haner, U.‐E., Janssen, S., & Van der Lugt, R. (2007). Innovation spaces: Towards a framework for understanding the role of the physical environment in innovation. Creativity and Innovation Management, 16, 53–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newsham, G., Veitch, J., Arsenault, C., & Duval, C. (2004). Effect of dimming control on office worker satisfaction and performance. In Proceedings of the IESNA annual conference (pp. 19–41). Ottawa: Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council.Google Scholar
Nouri, M. (2016). Creativity-supporting environments: An emotion-based framework for influencing designers’ creativity through using design environments. London: City, University of London.Google Scholar
Noy, I. (2000). Ergonomics; The silent engine in the evolution of human society. Presidential address at the Fourteenth IEA Triennial Congress, San Diego, USA, July 31.Google Scholar
Oppezzo, M., & Schwartz, D. L. (2014). Give your ideas some legs: The positive effect of walking on creative thinking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(4), 1142–1152.Google ScholarPubMed
Plambech, T. & Van Den Bosch, C. C. K. (2015). The impact of nature on creativity: A study among Danish creative professionals. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 14(2), 255–263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Puccio, G. J. & Cabra, J. F. (2010). Organizational creativity.  In J. C. Kaufman & R. J. Sternberg (eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 145–173). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rafaeli, A. & Vilnai-Yavetz, I. (2004). Emotion as a connection of physical artifacts and organizations. Organization Science, 15(6), 671–686.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhodes, M. (1961). An analysis of creativity. The Phi Delta Kappan, 42(7), 305–310.Google Scholar
Richards, R. (2010). Everyday creativity. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 189–215). New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ridoutt, B. G., Ball, R. D., & Killerby, S. K. (2002). First impressions of organizations and the qualities connoted by wood in interior design. Forest Products Journal, 52, 30–36.Google Scholar
Rittiner, F., Heck, J., Meboldt, M., & Steinert, M. (2016) Space utilization patterns and workshop furniture. Affordance for new product development and design. Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Design Creativity (4th ICDC), Atlanta, GA, November 2–4.Google Scholar
Russ, S. W. & Fiorelli, J. A. (2010). Developmental approaches to creativity. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 233–249). New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samani, S. A., Rasid, S. Z. B. A., & Sofian, S. (2014). A workplace to support creativity. Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, 13(4), 414–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samani, S. A., Rasid, S. Z. B. A., & Sofian, S. (2015). Individual control over the physical work environment to effect creativity. Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, 14, 94–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalley, C. E. & Gilson, L. L. (2004). What leaders need to know: A review of social and contextual factors that can foster or hinder creativity. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 33–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shibata, S. & Suzuki, N. (2002). Effects of the foliage plant on task performance and mood. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 22, 265–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shibata, S. & Suzuki, N. (2004). Effects of an indoor plant on creative task performance and mood. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 373–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steidle, A. & Werth, L. (2013). Freedom from constraints: Darkness and dim illumination promote creativity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 35, 67–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokols, D., Clitheroe, C., & Zmuidzinas, M. (2002). Qualities of work environments that promote perceived support for creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 14, 137–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, N. J. (1998). Windows and environmental cues on performance and mood. Environment and Behavior, 30, 306–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, N. J. (2001). Designing effective study environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(2), 179–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, N. J. (2003). Environmental view and color for a simulated telemarketing task. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23, 63–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, N. J. & Irvine, J. M. (1994). Direct or indirect window access, task type, and performance. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 14, 57–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thornhill-Miller, B. & Dupont, J.-M. (2016). Virtual reality and the enhancement of creativity and innovation: Under recognized potential among converging technologies? Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 15, 102–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toplyn, G. & Maguire, W. (1991). The differential effect of noise on creative task performance. Creativity Research Journal, 4(4), 337–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Rhee, H. J. & Dul, J. (2018). Filling the black-box of HR: Unraveling the AMO model and elevating it to the organizational level. Paper presented at the 78th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, August 10–14, Chicago.Google Scholar
Veitch, J. A. & Gifford, R. (1996). Choice, perceived control, and performance decrements in the physical environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 16, 269–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, S. T. & Heuberger, E. (2008). The impact of natural odors on affective states in humans. Chemical Senses, 33(5), 441–447.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weinberg, U., Nicolai, C., Hüsam, D., Panayotova, D., & Klooker, M. (2014). The impact of space on innovation teams. Paper presented at the 19th DMI Design Management Conference: Design Management in an Era of Disruption, London.Google Scholar
Wells, M. M., Thelen, L., & Ruark, J. (2007). Workspace personalization and organizational culture: Does your workspace reflect you or your company?. Environment and Behavior, 39(5), 616–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wessels, C. (2017). Flexible working practices: How employees can reap the benefits for engagement and performance (No. EPS-2017–418-LIS). ERIM Ph.D. Series Research in Management. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99312Google Scholar
White, I. & Lorenzi, F. (2016). The development of a model of creative space and its potential for transfer from non-formal to formal education. International Review of Education, 62, 771–790.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, A. (2013). A grammar of creative workplaces. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of East London.Google Scholar
Wineman, J. D., Kabo, F. W., & Davis, G. F. (2009). Spatial and social networks in organizational innovation. Environment and Behavior, 41(3), 427–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wohlers, C. & Hertel, G. (2017). Choosing where to work at work: Towards a theoretical model of benefits and risks of activity-based flexible offices. Ergonomics, 60(4), 467–486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., & Griffin, R. W. (1993). Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 293–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×