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23 - Mechanisms of Cognitive Aging in Multilingualism

from Part V - L3/Ln and Cognition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2023

By
Katarina Antolovic ,
Eve Higby  and
Loraine K. Obler
Edited by
Jennifer Cabrelli ,
Adel Chaouch-Orozco ,
Jorge González Alonso ,
Sergio Miguel Pereira Soares ,
Eloi Puig-Mayenco  and
Jason Rothman
Jennifer Cabrelli
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Chicago
Adel Chaouch-Orozco
Affiliation:
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jorge González Alonso
Affiliation:
Universidad Nebrija, Spain and UiT, Arctic University of Norway
Sergio Miguel Pereira Soares
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
Eloi Puig-Mayenco
Affiliation:
King's College London
Jason Rothman
Affiliation:
UiT, Arctic University of Norway and Universidad Nebrija, Spain
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Summary

Aging is a multidimensional process that introduces biological, social, and cognitive changes. The cognitive changes individuals experience during healthy aging are impacted by one’s lifestyle and patterns of behavior. In this chapter, we explore how multilingual language use uniquely contributes to cognitive aging and may stave off cognitive and neurological declines that commonly occur as we age. To this end, we first examine the range of executive functions that are impacted by multilingualism across the lifespan. Next, we explore the neurological implications of cognitive aging by outlining three neurocognitive mechanisms involved in aging, namely cognitive reserve, maintenance, and compensation. Integrating research from the available literature on healthy and pathological aging, we consider whether multilingualism strengthens and alters the neural bases of cognitive aging. As research on multilingual aging is nascent, our chapter ends with an agenda for future research that considers factors unique to multilingualism.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Third Language Acquisition , pp. 606 - 632
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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