Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Overview: Biology Is the Foundation of Therapy
- PART I BASIC RESEARCH
- PART II CLINICAL RESEARCH
- 23 Introduction to Clinical Research
- 24 Sarcoma
- 25 Neuroblastoma
- 26 Retinoblastoma
- 27 Primary Brain Tumors and Cerebral Metastases
- 28 Head and Neck Cancer Metastasis
- 29 Cutaneous Melanoma: Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Disease
- 30 Gastric Cancer Metastasis
- 31 Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
- 32 Metastasis of Primary Liver Cancer
- 33 Advances in Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
- 34 Lung Cancer Metastasis
- 35 Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: Evaluation and Treatment
- 36 Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
- 37 Bladder Cancer
- 38 Bone Complications of Myeloma and Lymphoma
- 39 Breast Metastasis
- 40 Gynecologic Malignancies
- 41 Prostate Cancer Metastasis: Thoughts on Biology and Therapeutics
- 42 The Biology and Treatment of Metastatic Testicular Cancer
- 43 Applications of Proteomics to Metastasis Diagnosis and Individualized Therapy
- 44 Critical Issues of Research on Circulating and Disseminated Tumor Cells in Cancer Patients
- 45 Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
- 46 Molecular Imaging and Metastasis
- 47 Preserving Bone Health in Malignancy and Complications of Bone Metastases
- 48 Role of Platelets and Thrombin in Metastasis
- THERAPIES
- Index
- References
48 - Role of Platelets and Thrombin in Metastasis
from PART II - CLINICAL RESEARCH
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Overview: Biology Is the Foundation of Therapy
- PART I BASIC RESEARCH
- PART II CLINICAL RESEARCH
- 23 Introduction to Clinical Research
- 24 Sarcoma
- 25 Neuroblastoma
- 26 Retinoblastoma
- 27 Primary Brain Tumors and Cerebral Metastases
- 28 Head and Neck Cancer Metastasis
- 29 Cutaneous Melanoma: Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Disease
- 30 Gastric Cancer Metastasis
- 31 Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
- 32 Metastasis of Primary Liver Cancer
- 33 Advances in Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
- 34 Lung Cancer Metastasis
- 35 Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: Evaluation and Treatment
- 36 Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
- 37 Bladder Cancer
- 38 Bone Complications of Myeloma and Lymphoma
- 39 Breast Metastasis
- 40 Gynecologic Malignancies
- 41 Prostate Cancer Metastasis: Thoughts on Biology and Therapeutics
- 42 The Biology and Treatment of Metastatic Testicular Cancer
- 43 Applications of Proteomics to Metastasis Diagnosis and Individualized Therapy
- 44 Critical Issues of Research on Circulating and Disseminated Tumor Cells in Cancer Patients
- 45 Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
- 46 Molecular Imaging and Metastasis
- 47 Preserving Bone Health in Malignancy and Complications of Bone Metastases
- 48 Role of Platelets and Thrombin in Metastasis
- THERAPIES
- Index
- References
Summary
In response to vascular injury, platelets become adherent and undergo activation and aggregation. The formation of the primary hemostatic platelet plug occurs simultaneously with surface activation of coagulation, leading to thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Platelet function also contributes to thrombus formation in pathologic settings, leading to vascular occlusion, usually in the setting of underlying vascular disease. Platelets contain many biologically active mediators that are released upon activation, including growth factors, coagulation factors, adhesive ligands, proteases, heparanase, cytokines, chemokines, and vasoactive lipids. Other functions of platelets include a supportive role in vascular maintenance and regulation of angiogenesis, as well as putative roles in inflammation and immunity. Indeed, platelets are now linked to such diverse physiologic and pathologic processes as wound healing and tissue regeneration, response to microbial infection, inflammatory diseases, atherogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis.
Platelets contribute to tumor cell metastasis by mediating tumor cell adhesion and subsequent extravasation, stabilizing platelet–tumor cell emboli in the circulation, and protecting tumor cells from the host immune system. In the tumor microenvironment, platelets become activated and may release growth factors, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and inflammatory mediators, with resulting production and remodeling of the extracellular matrix and tumor angiogenesis. In this chapter, we review the role of platelets and thrombin in metastasis. We review clinical trial data with aspirin and anticoagulants in cancer and cancer prevention, and speculate on the potential effect of thrombin in unmasking tumor dormancy.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Cancer MetastasisBiologic Basis and Therapeutics, pp. 552 - 562Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011