Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The rise of classical field theory
- Part I The geometrical programme for fundamental interactions
- Part II The quantum field programme for fundamental interactions
- 6 The rise of quantum theory
- 7 The formation of the conceptual foundations of quantum field theory
- 8 The quantum field programme (QFP)
- Part III The gauge field programme for fundamental interactions
- Appendices
- Bibliography
- Name index
- Subject index
6 - The rise of quantum theory
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 January 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The rise of classical field theory
- Part I The geometrical programme for fundamental interactions
- Part II The quantum field programme for fundamental interactions
- 6 The rise of quantum theory
- 7 The formation of the conceptual foundations of quantum field theory
- 8 The quantum field programme (QFP)
- Part III The gauge field programme for fundamental interactions
- Appendices
- Bibliography
- Name index
- Subject index
Summary
The origin of the relativity theories was closely bound up with the development of electromagnetic concepts, a development that approached a coherent fieldtheoretical formulation, according to which all actions may vary in a continuous manner. In contrast, quantum theory arose out of the development of atomic concepts, a development that was characterized by the acknowledgment of a fundamental limitation to classical physical ideas when applied to atomic phenomena. This restriction was expressed in the so-called quantum postulate, which attributed to any atomic process an essential discontinuity that was symbolized by Planck's quantum of action.
Quantum field theory (QFT) is a later phase of the conceptual developments of quantum theory, and has the old quantum theory and non-relativistic quantum mechanics, essentially the preliminary analyses of the interactions between atoms and radiation, as its predecessors. This chapter will review some features of quantum physics that are relevant to the rise of QFT.
The quantization of motion
In solving the problem of the equilibrium between matter and radiation, Max Planck (1900) showed that the laws of heat radiation demanded an element of discontinuity in the description of atomic processes. In the statistical behavior of atoms represented, in Planck's description, by linear resonators in their interactions with radiation, only states of vibration should be taken into account whose energy was an integral multiple of a quantum, hv, where h is Planck's constant and v is the frequency of the resonator.
Planck himself believed that the discontinuity of energy was only a property of atoms, and was not ready to apply the idea of energy quantization to radiation itself.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Conceptual Developments of 20th Century Field Theories , pp. 125 - 143Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1997