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Chapter 4 - Karman, Fate and Free Will

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2014

Sukumari Bhattacharji
Affiliation:
Former professor of English and Sanskrit at Jadavpur University, Kolkata
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Summary

BOTH rebirth and karman stem from death, the trauma and uncertainty associated with death. The excavation of prehistoric burial sites bring to light man's worries and concerns regarding death, his attempts to offer comforts to the departed soul. Life can never accept death, the negation of life. “Man has always reacted to death. He did not accept it, convinced as he was that it did not belong to the original plan of human life. So we find several myths explaining how death came into the world.” One reaction to man's spiritual rejection of death was application of magic for prolonging life, necromancy, attempts at rejuvenation through pseudo-chemistry etc. Underneath such endeavours is the belief that death is extraneous to the schema of life. Man held that the ultimacy of the termination of life in death was unacceptable. Also the appearance of the departed in dreams assured him that the essential man i.e. the spirit lived on, despite the death of the body. Hence the universal belief in an existence of after-life: in heaven, paradise, purgatory, hell, an astral body or the spirit form. “The care taken over the disposal of the dead indicates a deeply held conviction that provided the appropriate steps are taken, death could be regarded as a transitional slate… The oldest astronomical texts now known are found on the lids of wooden coffins dating from the Ninth Dynasty (c 2150 B.C.). They are called ‘diagonal star clocks’ or diagonal calendars and they give the names of the stars associated with the respective decans.”

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Publisher: Foundation Books
Print publication year: 2014

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  • Karman, Fate and Free Will
  • Sukumari Bhattacharji, Former professor of English and Sanskrit at Jadavpur University, Kolkata
  • Book: Fate and Fortune in the Indian Scriptures
  • Online publication: 05 October 2014
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9789384463052.006
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  • Karman, Fate and Free Will
  • Sukumari Bhattacharji, Former professor of English and Sanskrit at Jadavpur University, Kolkata
  • Book: Fate and Fortune in the Indian Scriptures
  • Online publication: 05 October 2014
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9789384463052.006
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Karman, Fate and Free Will
  • Sukumari Bhattacharji, Former professor of English and Sanskrit at Jadavpur University, Kolkata
  • Book: Fate and Fortune in the Indian Scriptures
  • Online publication: 05 October 2014
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9789384463052.006
Available formats
×