Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to the second edition
- Preface to the first edition
- 1 Introduction and overview
- PART ONE CYCLIC DEFORMATION AND FATIGUE CRACK INITIATION
- PART TWO TOTAL-LIFE APPROACHES
- PART THREE DAMAGE-TOLERANT APPROACH
- PART FOUR ADVANCED TOPICS
- 13 Contact fatigue: sliding, rolling and fretting
- 14 Retardation and transients in fatigue crack growth
- 15 Small fatigue cracks
- 16 Environmental interactions: corrosion-fatigue and creep-fatigue
- Appendix
- References
- Author index
- Subject index
14 - Retardation and transients in fatigue crack growth
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to the second edition
- Preface to the first edition
- 1 Introduction and overview
- PART ONE CYCLIC DEFORMATION AND FATIGUE CRACK INITIATION
- PART TWO TOTAL-LIFE APPROACHES
- PART THREE DAMAGE-TOLERANT APPROACH
- PART FOUR ADVANCED TOPICS
- 13 Contact fatigue: sliding, rolling and fretting
- 14 Retardation and transients in fatigue crack growth
- 15 Small fatigue cracks
- 16 Environmental interactions: corrosion-fatigue and creep-fatigue
- Appendix
- References
- Author index
- Subject index
Summary
The discussions presented in Chapters 9–12 focused on constant amplitude cyclic loading situations where the nominal stress intensity factor amplitude (for fixed load ratio and environmental conditions) and/or the maximum stress intensity factor uniquely govern the rates of crack advance in ductile and brittle solids. There are, however, a variety of situations where the local or effective stress intensity factor range or peak value at the crack tip, which is responsible for fatigue crack growth, can be markedly different from the nominal imposed value. These differences between the apparent and actual ‘driving force’ for fatigue fracture may stem from such effects as (i) premature closure of the crack faces even under fully tensile far-field cyclic loads, (ii) periodic deflections in the path of the crack due to mcirostructural impediments to fracture or changes in local stress state and mode mixity, (iii) shielding of the crack tip from the far-field, applied loads by the residual stress fields generated within the cyclic plastic zone or stress-induced phase transformations, and (iv) by the bridging of the faces of the crack by fibers, particles, intact grains or corrosion products. These processes, many of which are applicable to crystalline and noncrystalline as well as brittle and ductile solids, can lead to an apparent retardation of the fatigue crack growth and hence can possibly enhance the damage-tolerance characteristics of fatigue-prone materials and structures.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Fatigue of Materials , pp. 483 - 540Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1998