Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of figures
- List of contributors
- In memory of Miwa Nishimura
- Preface
- Introduction
- Language acquisition
- Part II Language processing
- 26 The phonetic and phonological organization of speech in Japanese
- 27 Speech segmentation by Japanese listeners: its language-specificity and language-universality
- 28 Prosody in sentence processing
- 29 Speech errors
- 30 Effects of word properties on Japanese sentence processing
- 31 Orthographic processing
- 32 Lexical access
- 33 Incrementality in Japanese sentence processing
- 34 Processing alternative word orders in Japanese
- 35 Processing relative clauses in Japanese: coping with multiple ambiguities
- 36 Processing empty categories in Japanese
- 37 The difficulty of certain sentence constructions in comprehension
- 38 Reading and working memory
- 39 Sentence production in Japanese
- 40 The neural basis of syntactic processing in Japanese
- 41 The competition model
- 42 Connectionist models
- 43 Computational linguistics
- 44 Language and gesture as a single communicative system
- References
- Name index
- Subject index
31 - Orthographic processing
from Part II - Language processing
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of figures
- List of contributors
- In memory of Miwa Nishimura
- Preface
- Introduction
- Language acquisition
- Part II Language processing
- 26 The phonetic and phonological organization of speech in Japanese
- 27 Speech segmentation by Japanese listeners: its language-specificity and language-universality
- 28 Prosody in sentence processing
- 29 Speech errors
- 30 Effects of word properties on Japanese sentence processing
- 31 Orthographic processing
- 32 Lexical access
- 33 Incrementality in Japanese sentence processing
- 34 Processing alternative word orders in Japanese
- 35 Processing relative clauses in Japanese: coping with multiple ambiguities
- 36 Processing empty categories in Japanese
- 37 The difficulty of certain sentence constructions in comprehension
- 38 Reading and working memory
- 39 Sentence production in Japanese
- 40 The neural basis of syntactic processing in Japanese
- 41 The competition model
- 42 Connectionist models
- 43 Computational linguistics
- 44 Language and gesture as a single communicative system
- References
- Name index
- Subject index
Summary
“An orthography is any method of mapping the sounds of a language onto a set of written symbols” (Miller, 1996: 41). Thus, the writing systems that developed historically have been logographic (Chinese hanzi and Japanese kanji), syllabic (Japanese kana), alphabetic (English), or some mixture of these. Syllabic and alphabetic scripts are phonetic, i.e. they provide characters to represent the sounds of the language. In this respect they may generally be grouped into a phonemically based writing system. In contrast, as logographic scripts are primarily morphemic, they may be grouped into a morphemically based writing system.
A theoretical goal of research on orthographic processing is to understand the common mechanisms for extracting the meaning of a word from visual patterns (graphic characters) that belong to several different orthographies. One pragmatic goal is to understand how people acquire the capacity for rapid and effortless reading as well as to understand the impairments that occur both developmentally and following brain injury (Iwata, 1984; Yamadori, 1998). Orthographic processing has also provided a way to explore broader theoretical issues concerning memory retrieval and knowledge representation in the mental lexicon; for example, subunits (module) and connectionist approaches to word recognition (Saito, 1997).
Much experimental information about orthographic processing is available for alphabetically written English words (Taft, 1991). However, to account for rules of orthographic processing, a closer examination of logographic (morphemically based) writing systems, as well as phonemically based ones, is necessary (Chen & Zhou, 1999).
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- The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics , pp. 233 - 240Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2006
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