TRANSLATION TAKEN FROM ROY DEFERRARI, OROSIUS. SEVEN BOOKS OF HISTORY AGAINST THE PAGANS, FC, 50 (WASHINGTON, DC, 1964), PP. 7–20

1. I Our ancestors fixed a threefold division of the whole world surrounded by a periphery of ocean, and its three parts they called Asia, Europe and Africa, although some have thought that there should be two, that is Asia and then Africa to be joined with Europe.

2. Asia, surrounded on three sides by the Ocean, extends across the entire region of the east.

3. This towards the west on its right touches upon Europe, beginning at the north pole, but on the left it leaves Africa; yet near Egypt and Syria it is bounded by Our Sea which we generally call the Great Sea.

4. II Europe begins, as I have said, in the north at the Tanais River, where the Rhipaean Mountains turned away from the Sarmatian Sea, pour forth the Tanais flood.

5. This river, flowing past the altars and boundaries of Alexander the Great located in the territory of the Rhobasci, swells the Maeotic Marshes, whose immense overflow spreads afar to the Euxine Sea near the city of Theodosia.

6. Thence, near Constantinople, a long strait flows forth until the Sea which we call Ours receives it.

7. The Western Ocean forms the boundary of Europe in Spain precisely where the Pillars of Hercules are viewed near the Gades Islands and where the Ocean tide empties into the mouth of the Tyrrhenian Sea.

8. III The beginning of Africa is the territory of Egypt and the city of Alexandria, where the city of Paraetonium is located above the Great Sea which washes all the regions and lands in the centre of the earth.

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