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11 - The Shaybanids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Svat Soucek
Affiliation:
Princeton University, New Jersey
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Summary

Muhammad (ruled 1500–10), the Uzbek khan who dashed Babur's lifetime dream, accomplished more than that, for he put an end to the Timurid dynasty and replaced it with his own, that of the Shaybanids (1500–99) and thus carried out a restoration of Genghisid rule in Central Asia. He was a grandson of Abulkhayr, whose Genghisid lineage, as we have seen, went back to Genghis Khan's grandson Shiban. The nisba derived from the Mongol name was vocalized as Shaybani by Muslim historians who preferred its unrelated Arabic approximation. By 1501 Muhammad Shaybani had crossed the Syr Darya, seized Samarkand from Babur's cousin Ali, and fought off all attempts by Babur and other contenders to recover their Timurid heirloom; seven years later, in 1507, he made a successful lunge for the other Timurid prize, Herat, so that the greater part of Central Asia now passed under the control of the nomadic Uzbeks from the Kipchak steppe. Up to a point the change was only one of degree. The Shaybanids were Turks like the Timurids, although they spoke a different dialect, Kipchak, in contrast to the local Turki; both led a partly nomadic way of life and had a tribal social structure, although again this must have been more pronounced among the newcomers; both were Sunni Muslims, like the bulk of the sedentary population of the area; and the Uzbeks had been sufficiently exposed to Arabo-Persian Islamic culture to ensure a fundamental continuity.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2000

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  • The Shaybanids
  • Svat Soucek, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: A History of Inner Asia
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511991523.013
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  • The Shaybanids
  • Svat Soucek, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: A History of Inner Asia
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511991523.013
Available formats
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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • The Shaybanids
  • Svat Soucek, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: A History of Inner Asia
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511991523.013
Available formats
×