This brings us to the end of our voyage through the law and policy of the World Trade Organization. The first edition of this book included a brief chapter on that ‘Challenges for the future’. Due to constraints on the length of this book, that chapter has been dropped in this edition. It would be wrong to conclude from this, however, that the challenges facing the WTO have become less daunting. The opposite is true. First of all there are of course the issues on the agenda of the Doha Development Round, and in particular:

• the liberalisation of trade in agricultural products, in the form of increased market access for agricultural products and the reduction or elimination of agricultural export subsidies and domestic support measures;

• market access for non-agricultural products, including the further reduction or, where appropriate and possible, the elimination of customs duties and tariff escalation as well as non-tariff barriers to trade;

• the further liberalisation of trade in services, including the supply of services through the presence of natural persons (mode 4);

• the clarification and improvement of the WTO rules on dumping and subsidised trade;

• the clarification and improvement of the WTO rules and procedures applying to regional trade agreements;

• the relationship between trade and the protection of the environment, and in particular the relationship between existing WTO rules and specific trade obligations set out in multilateral environmental agreements;

• the extension of protection of intellectual property rights, and in particular the protection of geographical indications; and

• the further integration of developing countries into the WTO system through the improvement of the special and differential treatment provided for developing-country Members in WTO law.