Leo Strauss occupies an exceptional position in the history of philosophy. No philosopher before him has made the history of philosophy the object of his study with a similar penetration and urgency, not to say exclusiveness, nor has anyone among those who have demonstrated a comparable power in confronting the thought of other philosophers engaged in this confrontation with Strauss's constant consideration of political philosophy. The question that Strauss seeks to answer with his historical interpretations explicitly reads “What is political philosophy?” and not “What is metaphysics?” But why does Strauss engage in a massive, wide-ranging historical research project, which extends from Heidegger via Machiavelli and Alfarabi to the pre-Socratics, in order to answer a question that in itself is by no means a historical one? For a reflection that stays on the surface of his oeuvre even for only a few moments, the central issue becomes the intention that the philosopher Strauss pursues when he turns his – so it seems – serious and undivided attention to the history of philosophy.