Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Introduction
- PART I RELIGION AND LAW
- PART II SOCIETIES, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
- 7 Legitimacy and political organisation: caliphs, kings and regimes
- 8 The city and the nomad
- 9 Rural life and economy until 1800
- 10 Demography and migration
- 11 The mechanisms of commerce
- 12 Women, gender and sexuality
- PART III LITERATURE
- PART IV LEARNING, ARTS AND CULTURE
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
9 - Rural life and economy until 1800
from PART II - SOCIETIES, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2011
Edited by
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Introduction
- PART I RELIGION AND LAW
- PART II SOCIETIES, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
- 7 Legitimacy and political organisation: caliphs, kings and regimes
- 8 The city and the nomad
- 9 Rural life and economy until 1800
- 10 Demography and migration
- 11 The mechanisms of commerce
- 12 Women, gender and sexuality
- PART III LITERATURE
- PART IV LEARNING, ARTS AND CULTURE
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Summary
Diversity
The lives of sedentary people in the Islamic countryside unfolded in a multi-faceted context. Natural, technological, economic, political, cultural and religious factors all bore on rural life, and were in turn affected by it.
The natural world provided a backdrop of topography, soils, climate and water, while technologies offered tools, irrigation devices, plants, animals and rotations. Economic factors such as population densities, urbanisation, monetisation of the economy and long-distance trade further conditioned the activities of agriculturists, as did the policies of governments concerning security, land tenure, inheritance, water rights, taxation and the construction and maintenance of irrigation works. Cultural biases showed in preferences for different modes of settlement and production, as well as in diets, and both political and cultural elements were informed by religious teachings. None of these was a constant.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The New Cambridge History of Islam , pp. 290 - 305Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010
References
, (?731–98) Taxation in Islam II: Abū Yūsuf’s Kitāb al-kharāj, ed. and trans. , Leiden and London, 1969.Google Scholar
Description de l’Egypte: Ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Egypte pendant l’expédition de l’armée française, 22 vols., Paris, 1802–29.Google Scholar
(fl. 12th c.), Description de l’Afrique et de l’Espagne, ed. and trans. and , Leiden, 1866.Google Scholar
, et al., Peuplement rural et aménagements hydroagricoles dans la moyenne vallée de l’Euphrate, fin VIIe–XIXe siècle, Damascus, 2001.Google Scholar
, Les méthodes culturales au moyen-âge d’après les traités d’agronomie andalous: Traditions et techniques, Geneva, 1974.Google Scholar
‘The Islamic tradition of agroeconomy: Cross-cultural experience, ideas and innovations’, Ecumene, 1 (1994) –50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Asia before Europe: Economy and civilisation of the Indian Ocean from the rise of Islam to 1750, Cambridge, 1990.Google Scholar
, The Agrarian administration of Egypt from the Arabs to the Ottomans: Supplément aux Annales islamologiques, vol. IX, Cairo, 1986.Google Scholar
, et al., Etats, sociétés et cultures du monde musulman médiéval: Xe–XVe siècle, Paris, 1995.Google Scholar
, ‘Irrigation farming in the ancient oasis of Mārib’, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 19 (1989) –44.Google Scholar
, (fl. twelfth century), Kitāb al-filāḥa, ed. and trans. , 2 vols., Madrid, 1802; trans. as Le livre de l’agriculture d’Ibn al-Awam, 2 vols. in 3, Paris, 1864–7.Google Scholar
, and (eds.), An economic and social history of the Ottoman empire, 1300–1914, Cambridge, 1994.Google Scholar
, ‘Le village en Asie centrale aux XVe et XVIe siècles’, Cahiers du Monde Russe et Soviétique, 32 (1991).Google Scholar
, ‘Mundo urbana y mundo rurale en al-Andalus: El ejemplo de Madinat Ilbira’, in (ed.), Worlds of history and economics: Essays in honour of Andrew M. Watson, Valencia, 2009.Google Scholar
, ‘Famine in the Islamic world’, in (ed.), Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 13 vols. (New York, 1982–9), vol. V –3.Google Scholar
, ‘A medieval Persian agricultural manual in context: The Irshād al-zirāʿa in late Timurid and early Safavid Khorasan’, Studia Iranica, 22 (1993) –217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Agua, tierra y hombres en al-Andalus: La dimensión agrícola del mundo Nazarí, Granada, 2004.Google Scholar
, ‘Géographie économique de l’Afrique du Nord selon les auteurs arabes, du XIe siècle au milieu de XIIe siècle’, Annales: Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 28 (1973) –80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(ed.), ‘An anonymous 14th century almanac from Rasulid Yemen’, Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften, 9 (1994) –228.Google Scholar
, (trans.), ‘A royal crop register from Rasulid Yemen’, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 34 (1991) –22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and (eds.), The manuscript of al-Malik al-ʾAfḍal al-ʿAbbās b. ʿĀAlῑ ibn Rasūl: A medieval anthology from the Yemen, London, 1998.Google Scholar
, Medieval agriculture and Islamic science: The almanac of a Yemeni sultan, Seattle, 1994.Google Scholar
, Agricultural innovation in the early Islamic world: The diffusion of crops and farming techniques, 700–1100, Cambridge, 1983 (repr. 2008 with new foreword and bibliographical update; also published in Spanish by the University of Granada Press and in Arabic by the Institute for the History of Arabic Science of the University of Aleppo).Google Scholar