Book contents
- Frontmatter
- PREFACE
- Contents
- INTRODUCTION: STATEMENT OF THE OBJECT AND PLAN OF THE WORK
- CHAPTER I SOURCES OF THE ADVANTAGES ARISING FROM MACHINERY AND MANUFACTURES
- CHAPTER II ACCUMULATING POWER
- CHAPTER III REGULATING POWER
- CHAPTER IV INCREASE AND DIMINUTION OF VELOCITY
- CHAPTER V EXTENDING TIME OF ACTION OF FORCES
- CHAPTER VI SAVING TIME IN NATURAL OPERATIONS
- CHAPTER VII EXERTING FORCES TOO GREAT FOR HUMAN POWER, AND EXECUTING OPERATIONS TOO DELICATE FOR HUMAN TOUCH
- CHAPTER VIII REGISTERING OPERATIONS
- CHAPTER IX ECONOMY OF MATERIALS EMPLOYED
- CHAPTER X OF THE IDENTITY OF THE WORK WHEN IT IS OF THE SAME KIND, AND OF ITS ACCURACY WHEN OF DIFFERENT KINDS
- CHAPTER XI OF COPYING
- CHAPTER XII ON THE METHOD OF OBSERVING MANUFACTORIES
- CHAPTER XIII ON THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAKING AND MANUFACTURING
- CHAPTER XIV ON THE INFLUENCE OF VERIFICATION ON PRICE
- CHAPTER XV ON THE INFLUENCE OF DURABILITY ON PRICE
- CHAPTER XVI ON PRICE, AS MEASURED BY MONEY
- CHAPTER XVII OF RAW MATERIALS
- CHAPTER XVIII OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR
- CHAPTER XIX ON THE DIVISION OF MENTAL LABOUR
- CHAPTER XX ON THE SEPARATE COST OF EACH PROCESS IN A MANUFACTURE
- CHAPTER XXI ON THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF LARGE FACTORIES
- CHAPTER XXII ON THE POSITION OF GREAT FACTORIES
- CHAPTER XXIII ON OVER-MANUFACTURING
- CHAPTER XXIV INQUIRIES PREVIOUS TO COMMENCING ANY MANUFACTORY
- CHAPTER XXV ON CONTRIVING MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVI PROPER CIRCUMSTANCES FOR THE APPLICATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVII ON THE DURATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVIII ON COMBINATION AMONGST MASTERS OR WORKMEN AGAINST EACH OTHER
- CHAPTER XXIX ON COMBINATIONS OF MASTERS AGAINST THE PUBLIC
- CHAPTER XXX ON THE EFFECT OF TAXES AND OF LOCAL RESTRICTIONS UPON MANUFACTURES
- CHAPTER XXXI ON THE EXPORTATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXXII ON THE FUTURE PROSPECTS OF MANUFACTURES, AS CONNECTED WITH SCIENCE
CHAPTER XIII - ON THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAKING AND MANUFACTURING
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- PREFACE
- Contents
- INTRODUCTION: STATEMENT OF THE OBJECT AND PLAN OF THE WORK
- CHAPTER I SOURCES OF THE ADVANTAGES ARISING FROM MACHINERY AND MANUFACTURES
- CHAPTER II ACCUMULATING POWER
- CHAPTER III REGULATING POWER
- CHAPTER IV INCREASE AND DIMINUTION OF VELOCITY
- CHAPTER V EXTENDING TIME OF ACTION OF FORCES
- CHAPTER VI SAVING TIME IN NATURAL OPERATIONS
- CHAPTER VII EXERTING FORCES TOO GREAT FOR HUMAN POWER, AND EXECUTING OPERATIONS TOO DELICATE FOR HUMAN TOUCH
- CHAPTER VIII REGISTERING OPERATIONS
- CHAPTER IX ECONOMY OF MATERIALS EMPLOYED
- CHAPTER X OF THE IDENTITY OF THE WORK WHEN IT IS OF THE SAME KIND, AND OF ITS ACCURACY WHEN OF DIFFERENT KINDS
- CHAPTER XI OF COPYING
- CHAPTER XII ON THE METHOD OF OBSERVING MANUFACTORIES
- CHAPTER XIII ON THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAKING AND MANUFACTURING
- CHAPTER XIV ON THE INFLUENCE OF VERIFICATION ON PRICE
- CHAPTER XV ON THE INFLUENCE OF DURABILITY ON PRICE
- CHAPTER XVI ON PRICE, AS MEASURED BY MONEY
- CHAPTER XVII OF RAW MATERIALS
- CHAPTER XVIII OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR
- CHAPTER XIX ON THE DIVISION OF MENTAL LABOUR
- CHAPTER XX ON THE SEPARATE COST OF EACH PROCESS IN A MANUFACTURE
- CHAPTER XXI ON THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF LARGE FACTORIES
- CHAPTER XXII ON THE POSITION OF GREAT FACTORIES
- CHAPTER XXIII ON OVER-MANUFACTURING
- CHAPTER XXIV INQUIRIES PREVIOUS TO COMMENCING ANY MANUFACTORY
- CHAPTER XXV ON CONTRIVING MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVI PROPER CIRCUMSTANCES FOR THE APPLICATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVII ON THE DURATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXVIII ON COMBINATION AMONGST MASTERS OR WORKMEN AGAINST EACH OTHER
- CHAPTER XXIX ON COMBINATIONS OF MASTERS AGAINST THE PUBLIC
- CHAPTER XXX ON THE EFFECT OF TAXES AND OF LOCAL RESTRICTIONS UPON MANUFACTURES
- CHAPTER XXXI ON THE EXPORTATION OF MACHINERY
- CHAPTER XXXII ON THE FUTURE PROSPECTS OF MANUFACTURES, AS CONNECTED WITH SCIENCE
Summary
(131.) Theeconomical principles which regulate the application of machinery, and which govern the interior of all our great factories, are quite as essential to the prosperity of a great commercial country as are those mechanical principles, the operations of which have been illustrated in the preceding section.
The first object of every person who attempts to make any article of consumption, is, or ought to be, to produce it in a perfect form; but in order to secure to himself the greatest and most permanent profit, he must endeavour by every means in his power to render the new luxury or want which he has created, cheap to those who consume it. The larger number of purchasers thus obtained will, in some measure, secure him from the caprices of fashion, whilst it furnishes a far greater amount of profit, although the contribution of each individual is diminished. The importance of collecting data, for the purpose of enabling the manufacturer to ascertain how many additional customers he will acquire by a given reduction in the price of the article he makes, cannot be too strongly pressed upon the attention of those who employ themselves in statistical inquiries. In some ranks of society, any diminution of price in a commodity will bring forward but few additional customers; whilst, in other classes, a very small reduction will so enlarge the sale as to yield a considerable increase of profit.
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- On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures , pp. 98 - 100Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010