Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to the seventh edition
- List of contributors
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Basic principles
- 2 Cell culture techniques
- 3 Centrifugation
- 4 Microscopy
- 5 Molecular biology, bioinformatics and basic techniques
- 6 Recombinant DNA and genetic analysis
- 7 Immunochemical techniques
- 8 Protein structure, purification, characterisation and function analysis
- 9 Mass spectrometric techniques
- 10 Electrophoretic techniques
- 11 Chromatographic techniques
- 12 Spectroscopic techniques: I Spectrophotometric techniques
- 13 Spectroscopic techniques: II Structure and interactions
- 14 Radioisotope techniques
- 15 Enzymes
- 16 Principles of clinical biochemistry
- 17 Cell membrane receptors and cell signalling
- 18 Drug discovery and development
- Index
- Plate section
- References
16 - Principles of clinical biochemistry
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to the seventh edition
- List of contributors
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Basic principles
- 2 Cell culture techniques
- 3 Centrifugation
- 4 Microscopy
- 5 Molecular biology, bioinformatics and basic techniques
- 6 Recombinant DNA and genetic analysis
- 7 Immunochemical techniques
- 8 Protein structure, purification, characterisation and function analysis
- 9 Mass spectrometric techniques
- 10 Electrophoretic techniques
- 11 Chromatographic techniques
- 12 Spectroscopic techniques: I Spectrophotometric techniques
- 13 Spectroscopic techniques: II Structure and interactions
- 14 Radioisotope techniques
- 15 Enzymes
- 16 Principles of clinical biochemistry
- 17 Cell membrane receptors and cell signalling
- 18 Drug discovery and development
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
PRINCIPLES OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Basis of analysis of body fluids for diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring purposes
Underlying most human diseases is a change in the amount or function of one or more proteins that in turn triggers changes in cellular, tissue or organ function. The dysfunction is commonly characterised by a significant change in the biochemical profile of body fluids. The application of quantitative analytical biochemical tests to a large range of biological analytes in body fluids and tissues is a valuable aid to the diagnosis and management of the prevailing disease state. In this section the general biological and analytical principles underlying these tests will be discussed and related to the general principles of quantitative chemical analysis discussed in Section 1.3.
Body fluids such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid and urine in both healthy and diseased states contain a large number of inorganic ions and organic molecules. Whilst the normal biological function of some of these chemical species lies within that fluid, for the majority it does not. The presence of this latter group of chemical species within the fluid is due to the fact that normal cellular secretory mechanisms and the temporal synthesis and turnover of individual cells and their organelles within the major organs of the body, both result in the release of cell components, particularly those located in the cytoplasm, into the surrounding extracellular fluid and eventually into the blood circulatory system.
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- Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , pp. 625 - 659Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010