Harold Guetzkow has long cautioned against empirical peace research becoming too “data bound.” Without claiming to have captured exactly his intentions, I wish to develop the positive side of this injunction. How, then, can we recognize the actualities in our data without hiding the underlying, more or less just and peaceful possibilities? Assuming that there are various truths in our data, are there ways to find those special truths that can help unbind us, make us free – from past falsehoods, possibility-distorting representations, continuing oppressions, even war itself? In this chapter, I shall answer these questions in terms of a research orientation I call “emancipatory empiricism.” Although this research orientation is more general than peace research itself, I shall argue that it fits peace research well because the latter's disciplinary distinctiveness derives from an emancipatory knowledge interest.

One can conceptualize social scientific research orientations in general, and peace research in particular, at three increasingly comprehensive and concrete levels:

After some orientational remarks about the relevance of its emancipatory knowledge interest for peace research's distinctive disciplinary self-understanding, I shall characterize emancipatory empiricism somewhat more generally.