Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-lvtdw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-06T13:20:42.166Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Etel Solingen
Affiliation:
University of California, Irvine
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abedin, M. 2006 Iranian Public Opinion and the Nuclear Stand-OffMideast Monitor 1 2Google Scholar
Acemoglu, D.Robinson, J. 2005 Economic Origins of Dictatorship and DemocracyCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Acton, J. 2009 Extended Deterrence and Communicating ResolveStrategic Insights 8 1Google Scholar
Adler-Karlsson, G. 1968 Western Economic Warfare, 1947–1967StockholmAlmquist & WiksellGoogle Scholar
Albright, D. 2010 ISIS Special Report: Libya: A Major Sale at LastWashington, DCInstitute for Science and International SecurityGoogle Scholar
Albright, D.Hibbs, M. 1991 Iraq’s Nuclear Hide-and-SeekBulletin of the Atomic Scientists 47 14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, D.Shire, J. 2009
Albright, D.Brannan, P.Shire, J. 2009
Albright, M. 2003 Madam Secretary: A MemoirNew YorkHyperionGoogle Scholar
Alfoneh, A. 2008 The Revolutionary Guards’ Role in Iranian PoliticsMiddle East Quarterly 15 3Google Scholar
Allen, S.H. 2005 The Determinants of Economic Sanctions Success and FailureInternational Interactions 31 117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, S.H. 2008 Political Institutions and Constrained Response to Economic SanctionsForeign Policy Analysis 4 255CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, S.H. 2008 The Domestic Political Costs of Economic SanctionsJournal of Conflict Resolution 52 916CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alnasrawi, A. 2001 Iraq: Economic Sanctions and Consequences, 1990–2000Third World Quarterly 22 205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amirpur, K. 2006
Amuzegar, J. 2002 The SAIS ReviewJohns Hopkins University PressGoogle Scholar
Amuzegar, J. 2010
Anderson, J.L. 2010
Anderson, L. 2003
Anderson, S 2003
Andreas, P. 2005 Criminalizing Consequences of SanctionsInternational Studies Quarterly 49 335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, D.M. 2006 International Monetary PowerIthacaCornell University Press
Ang, A.U.Peksen, D. 2007 When Do Economic Sanctions Work?Political Research Quarterly 60 135CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ansari, A. 2010 The Revolution Will Be MercantilizedThe National Interest 105 50Google Scholar
Ansari, A. 2010
Aref, B.Farahany, B. 2010
Arms Control Association (ACA) 1998
Arms Control Association (ACA) 2007 www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/LibyaChronology
Arms Control Association (ACA) 2009 www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/dprkchron
Arms Control Association (ACA) 2009 www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/Iran_Nuclear_Proposals
Arms Control Association (ACA) 2010
Art, R.J. 2003 The United States and Coercive DiplomacyArt, R.J.Cronin, P.M.Washington, DCUnited States Institute of PeaceGoogle Scholar
Asher, D.L. 2007
Asia Society Center on US-China Relations and The University of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation 2009
Askari, H. 2010
Axelrod, R.Keohane, R.O. 1985 Achieving Cooperation Under AnarchyWorld Politics 38 226CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baily, M.N. 1974 Wages and Employment Under Uncertain DemandThe Review of Economic Studies 41 37CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 1971 The Power of Positive SanctionsWorld Politics 24 19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 1971 Thinking About Threat. Journal of Conflict Resolution 15 71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 1985 Economic StatecraftPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 1998 Evaluating Economic SanctionsInternational Security 23 189CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 1999 2000 The Sanctions Debate and the Logic of ChoiceInternational Security 24 80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, D.A. 2003 Prologamena to Thinking About Economic Sanctions and Free TradeChicago Journal of International Law 4 271Google Scholar
Baram, A. 2000 The Effect of Iraqi SanctionsMiddle East Journal 54 194Google Scholar
Barro, R.J. 1977 Long-term Contracting, Sticky Prices, and Monetary PolicyJournal of Monetary Economics 3 305CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BBC News Persian 2009
Beach, W.W.Kane, T. 2007 Index of Economic FreedomWashington, DCHeritage FoundationGoogle Scholar
Becker, C.M. 1987 Economic Sanctions Against South AfricaWorld Politics 39 147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bengio, O. 2000 How Does Saddam Hold On?Foreign Affairs 79 90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, W.L.Paletz, D.L. 1994 Taken By StormLondonUniversity of Chicago Press
Bernauer, T.Ruloff, D. 1999 The Politics of Positive Incentives in Arms ControlColumbiaUniversity of South Carolina Press
Betts, R.K. 2003 Striking FirstEthics and International Affairs 17 17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, S. 1988 Nuclear Rivals in the Middle EastNew YorkRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Bianchi, A. 2007 Assessing the Effectiveness of the UN Security Council’s Anti-terrorism MeasuresEuropean Journal of International Law 17 881CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biersteker, T.J. 2004
Biersteker, T.J.Eckert, S.Halegua, A.Romaniuk, P. 2005 International Sanctions: Between War and Words in the International SystemWallensteen, P.Staibano, C.LondonRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Blechman, B.Brumberg, D. 2010 Engagement, Coercion, and Iran’s Nuclear Challenge: Report of a Joint Study Group on U.S.-Iran PolicyWashington, DCThe Henry L. Stimson CenterGoogle Scholar
Bolks, S.Al-Sowayel, D. 2000 How Long Do Economic Sanctions Last?Political Research Quarterly 53 241CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolton, J. 2007 Surrender Is Not an OptionNew YorkThreshold EditionsGoogle Scholar
Bonds, T.Baiocchi, D.McDonald, L. 2010 Army Deployments to OIF and OEFArlingtonRand CorporationGoogle Scholar
Boothroyd, P.Xuan Nam, P. 2000 Socioeconomic Renovation in Viet Nam: The Origin, Evolution, and Impact of Doi MoiSingaporeInstitute of Southeast Asian Studies
Bornstein, M. 1968 Economic Sanctions and Rewards in Support of Arms Control AgreementsAmerican Economic Review 58 417Google Scholar
Bowen, W.O. 2006
Bowen, W.O. 2008 Nuclear Safeguards, Security and Nonproliferation: Achieving Security with Technology and PolicyDoyle, JamesNew YorkElsevier IncGoogle Scholar
Bracken, P. 2007 Financial WarfareOrbis 51 685CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brands, H.Palkki, D. 2010
Braun, C.Chyba, C.F. 2004 Proliferation RingsInternational Security 29 5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braut-Hegghammer, M. 2008 Libya’s Nuclear Turnaround: Perspectives From TripoliThe Middle East Journal 62 55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooks, R.A. 2002 Sanctions and Regime TypeSecurity Studies 11 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broz, J.L.Frieden, J. 2006 The Oxford Handbook of Political EconomyWeingast, B.R.Wittman, D.New YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Bruno, G. 2009
Brzoska, M. 2003 From Dumb to Smart?Global Governance 9 519Google Scholar
Brzoska, M. 2008 Measuring the Effectiveness of Arms EmbargoesPeace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy 14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchta, W. 2000 Who Rules Iran? The Structure of Power in the Islamic RepublicWashington, DCGoogle Scholar
Buck, L.Gallant, N.Nossal, K.R. 1998 Sanctions as a Gendered Instrument of StatecraftReview of International Studies 24 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buell, R.L. 1932 Are Sanctions Necessary for a Successful International Organization?The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 162 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bueno de Mesquita, B.Siverson, R.M. 1995 War and the Survival of Political LeadersAmerican Political Science Review 89 841CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bueno de Mesquita, B.Morrow, J.D.Siverson, R.M.Smith, A. 1999 An Institutional Explanation of the Democratic PeaceAmerican Political Science Review 93 791CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bueno de Mesquita, B.Morrow, J.D.Siverson, R.M.Smith, A. 2003 The Logic of Political SurvivalCambridge, MAMIT PressGoogle Scholar
Burr, W.Richelson, J. 2001 Whether to Strangle the Baby in the CradleInternational Security 25 54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, R. 2000 The Greatest Threat: Iraq, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and the Growing Crisis of Global SecurityNew YorkPublicAffairsGoogle Scholar
Byman, D. 2008 An Autopsy of the Iraqi DebacleSecurity Studies 17 599CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byman, D.Lind, J. 2010 Pyongyang’s Survival StrategyInternational Security 35 44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byman, D.Waxman, M.C. 2002 The Dynamics of Coercion: American Foreign Policy and the Limits of Military MightLondonCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Carter, B.E. 1987 International Economic SanctionsCalifornia Law Review 75 1159CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, B.E. 1988 International Economic SanctionsNew YorkCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Casey, G. 2009 The Army of the 21st CenturyArmy25Google Scholar
Central Intelligence Agency 2004 Comprehensive Report of the Special Advisor to the DCI on Iraq’s WMDLangleyCentral Intelligence AgencyGoogle Scholar
Chan, S.Drury, A.C. 2000 Sanctions as Economic StatecraftLondonMacmillan; New York: St. Martin’sCrossRef
Chang, S. 2007
Chang, S. 2008 Why Has North Korea Responded Positively to the Nuclear Talks in 2007?North Korean Review 4 6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S.Kim, S.H. 2007 Economic Sanctions Against a Nuclear North KoreaJeffersonMcFarland & Company, IncGoogle Scholar
Chanlett-Avery, E.Taylor, M.A. 2010
Chinoy, M. 2008 MeltdownNew YorkSt. Martin’s PressGoogle Scholar
Choi, J. 2009
Chubin, S. 2010 The Iranian Nuclear Riddle After June 12The Washington Quarterly 33 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chubin, S. 2010
Chubin, S.Litwak, R. 2003 Debating Iran’s Nuclear AspirationsThe Washington Quarterly 26 99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cirincione, J.Wolfstahl, J.B.Rajkumar, M. 2005 Deadly Arsenal: Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical ThreatsWashington, DCCarnegie Endowment for International PeaceGoogle Scholar
Claire, R. 2004 Raid on the SunNew YorkBroadwayGoogle Scholar
Clark, H.L.Wang, L.W. 2007
Clawson, P. 2010 The Perfect Handshake With IranWashington, DCThe Washington Institute for Near East PolicyGoogle Scholar
CNN 1998
Cockburn, A.Cockburn, P. 2002 Saddam Hussein: An American ObsessionLondonVersoGoogle Scholar
Cohen, E.A. 2003 Supreme Command: Soldiers, Statesmen, and Leadership in WartimeNew YorkThe Free Press, Simon & Schuster, IncGoogle Scholar
Collier, D. 1995 Translating Quantitative Methods for Qualitative ResearchersAmerican Political Science Review 89 461CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 2000
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1996
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1996
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1992
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1992
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1994
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 2001
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1998
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1998
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1988
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1998
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC)
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1992
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1995
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1985
Conflict Records Research Center (CRRC) 1994
Cooper, J.H. 1989 On Income Distribution and Economic SanctionsSouth African Journal of Economics 57 14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cordesman, A.H.Hashim, A.S. 1997 Iraq: Sanctions and BeyondBoulderWestview PressGoogle Scholar
Cortright, D. 2001
Cortright, D.Lopez, G.A. 1995 The Sanctions EraThe Fletcher Forum of World Affairs 19 65Google Scholar
Cortright, D.Lopez, G.A. 1999 Are Sanctions Just?Journal of International Affairs 55 735Google Scholar
Cortright, D.Lopez, G.A. 2000 The Sanctions DecadeBoulderLynne Rienner Publishers, IncGoogle Scholar
Cortright, D.Lopez, G.A. 2002 Smart Sanctions: Targeted Economic StatecraftNew YorkRowman & LittlefieldGoogle Scholar
Cortright, D.Väyrynen, R. 2010 Towards Nuclear ZeroNew YorkRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Cox, D.G.Drury, A.C. 2006 Democratic Sanctions: Connecting the Democratic Peace and Economic SanctionsJournal of Peace Research 43 709CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, K. 2010 The Strategic Implications of the Iranian Nuclear ProgramKrause, J.Mallory, C.K.GermanyAspen InstituteGoogle Scholar
Crawford, N.C.Klotz, A. 1999 How Sanctions Work: Lessons From South AfricaNew YorkSt. Martin’s Press, IncCrossRef
Crumm, E.M. 1995 The Value of Economic Incentives in International-PoliticsJournal of Peace Research 32 313CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cummings, J. 2006
Dallek, R. 1984 Ronald Reagan: The Politics of SymbolismCambridge, MAHarvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Damrosch, L.F. 1994 The Collective Enforcement of International Norms Through Economic SanctionsEthics and International Affairs 8 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danilovic, V. 2001 The Sources of Threat in Extended DeterrenceJournal of Conflict Resolution 45 341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dashti-Gibson, J.Davis, P.Radcliff, B. 1997 On the Determinants of the Success of Economic SanctionsAmerican Journal of Political Science 41 608CrossRefGoogle Scholar
David, S.R. 1991 Explaining Third World AlignmentWorld Politics 43 233CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, J.W. 2000 Threats and PromisesBaltimoreJohns Hopkins University PressGoogle Scholar
Davis, L.Engerman, S. 2003 History Lessons – SanctionsJournal of Economic Perspectives 17 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, P.A. 1999 The Art of Economic PersuasionAnn ArborUniversity of Michigan PressGoogle Scholar
Dehghanpisheh, B. 2010
Desch, M. 2007 Bush and the GeneralsForeign Affairs 86 97Google Scholar
Dorn, W.A.Fulton, A. 1997 Securing Compliance with Disarmament TreatiesGlobal Governance 1 17Google Scholar
Dorussen, H. 2001 Mixing Carrots With SticksJournal of Peace Research 38 251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doxey, M.P. 1971 Economic Sanctions and International EnforcementNew YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Dreze, J.Gazdar, H. 1992 Hunger and Poverty in Iraq, 1991World Development 20 921CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 1998 Conflict Expectations and the Paradox of Economic CoercionInternational Studies Quarterly 42 709CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 1999 The Sanctions ParadoxCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 1999 The Trouble with Carrots: Transaction Costs, Conflict Expectations, and Economic InducementsSecurity Studies 9 188CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 2000 Bargaining, Enforcement, and Multilateral SanctionsInternational Organization 54 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 2007 All Politics Is GlobalPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Drezner, D.W. 2010
Drury, A.C. 2001 Sanctions as Coercive DiplomacyPolitical Research Quarterly 54 485Google Scholar
Duelfer, C. 2004 www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/iraq_wmd_2004/index.html
Duelfer, C. 2009 Hide and Seek: The Search for Truth in IraqNew YorkPublicAffairsGoogle Scholar
Dunn, L.A. 1998 On Proliferation WatchThe Nonproliferation Review 5 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dyson, T. 2009 New Evidence on Child Mortality in IraqEconomic and Political Weekly 44 56Google Scholar
Early, B.R. 2009 Sleeping With Your Friends’ EnemiesInternational Studies Quarterly 53 49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eaton, J.Engers, M. 1992 SanctionsJournal of Political Economy 100 899CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberstadt, N. 2004
Eckert, S. 2008 The Use of Financial Measures to Promote SecurityJournal of International Affairs 62 103Google Scholar
The Economist Intelligence Unit 2001 Country Report: LibyaLondonThe Economist Intelligence UnitGoogle Scholar
The Economist Intelligence Unit 2010 Country Report: IranLondonThe Economist Intelligence UnitGoogle Scholar
Eisenberg, L. 1997 Editorial: The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters–Human Costs of Economic SanctionsNew England Journal of Medicine 336 1247CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliott, K.A. 1998 The Sanctions GlassInternational Security 23 50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliott, K.A. 2002 Smart Sanctions: Targeting Economic StatecraftCortright, D.Lopez, G.A.New YorkRowman & LittlefieldGoogle Scholar
Elster, J. 1989 Nuts and Bolts for the Social SciencesNew YorkCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engel, J.A. 2005 Of Fat and Thin CommunistsDiplomatic History 29 445CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engelberg, S. 2010
Entelis, J.P. 2008 Libya Since 1969Vandewalle, D.New YorkPalgrave MacmillanGoogle Scholar
Escribà-Folch, A. 2007 Economic Growth and Potential Punishment Under DictatorshipKyklos 60 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Escribà-Folch, A.Wright, J. 2010 Economic Sanctions and the Duration of Civil ConflictsJournal of Peace Research 47 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esfandiari, G. 2003
Estelami, H. 1999 A Study of Iran’s Responses to US Economic SanctionsMiddle East Review of International Affairs 3 51Google Scholar
Etemad, Melli 2010
Falleti, T.G.Lynch, J.F. 2009 Context and Causal Mechanisms in Political AnalysisComparative Political Studies 42 1143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, R.D. 1999
Farmer, R.D. 2000 Costs of Economic Sanctions to the SenderThe World Economy 23 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fearon, J.D. 1994 Domestic Political Audiences and the Escalation of International DisputesAmerican Political Science Review 88 577CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fearon, J.D. 1994 Signaling versus the Balance of Power and InterestsJournal of Conflict Resolution 38 236CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fearon, J.D. 1997 Signaling Foreign Policy InterestsJournal of Conflict Resolution 41 68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feaver, P.D.Lorber, E. 2010 Coercive Diplomacy: Evaluating the Consequences of Financial SanctionsLondonLegatum InstituteGoogle Scholar
Federal Bureau of Investigation 2004 Ali Hassan al-Majid (aka “Chemical Ali”) and Sabir Abdul-Aziz al-DuriWashington, DCFederal Bureau of InvestigationGoogle Scholar
Federal Bureau of Investigation 2004 Written InterviewsWashington, DCFederal Bureau of InvestigationGoogle Scholar
Feffer, J. 2010
Feldman, S. 1997 Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control in the Middle EastCambridge, MACenter for Science and International AffairsGoogle Scholar
Feng, Z. 2010 PacNet No. 60Washington, DCCenter for Strategic and International StudiesGoogle Scholar
Fiedorowicz, G. 1936 Historical Survey of the Application of SanctionsTransactions of the Grotius Society 22 117Google Scholar
Fisher, M. 2010
Fitzpatrick, M. 2006 Iran and North KoreaSurvival 48 61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fitzpatrick, M. 2010
Fitzpatrick, M. 2011
Foot, R. 2007 The United Nations, Counter-Terrorism, and Human RightsHuman Rights Quarterly 29 489CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foran, V.I.Spector, L.S. 1997 The Price of PeaceCortright, D.LanhamRowman & LittlefieldGoogle Scholar
Ford, C.A.Yuan, J.Choubey, D. 2009 Book Review RoundtableAsia Policy 7 113Google Scholar
Førland, T.E. 1990 An Act of Economic Warfare?The International History Review 12 490CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Førland, T.E. 1991 Economic Warfare” and “Strategic GoodsJournal of Peace Research 28 191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Førland, T.E. 1993 The History of Economic WarfareJournal of Peace Research 30 151CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foroohar, K. 2010
Frieden, J.A.Rogowski, R. 1996 Internationalization and Domestic PoliticsKeohane, R.O.Milner, H.V.New YorkCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Fruchart, D.Holtom, P.Strandow, D.Wallensteen, P.Wezeman, S. 2007 United Nations Arms EmbargoesStockholmSIPRIGoogle Scholar
Fuhrmann, M.Kreps, S. 2010 Targeting Nuclear Programs in War and Peace: A Quantitative Empirical Analysis, 1941–2000Journal of Conflict Resolution 54 831CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Funabashi, Y. 2007 The Peninsula QuestionWashington, DCThe Brookings InstitutionGoogle Scholar
Gallucci, R. L. 2011
Galtung, J. 1967 On the Effects of International Economic SanctionsWorld Politics 19 378CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganji, A 2009
Garrett, G.Weingast, B. 1993 Ideas and Foreign PolicyGoldstein, J.Keohane, R.O.IthacaCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Gas Matters 2010
GauseIII, F.G. 1999
GauseIII, F.G. 2010 The International Relations of the Persian GulfNew YorkCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Gawdat, B. 2007 The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass DestructionArab Studies Quarterly 29 21Google Scholar
George, A.L.Smoke, R. 1974 Deterrence in American Foreign PolicyNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
George, A.L. 1992 Forceful PersuasionWashington, DCUnited States Institute of PeaceGoogle Scholar
George, A.L.Bennett, A. 2005 Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social SciencesCambridge, MAMIT PressGoogle Scholar
Gershenson, D. 2002 Sanctions and Civil ConflictEconomica 69 185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghajar, S. 2010
Gierbolini, L. 1997 The Helms-Burton ActJournal of Transnational Law and Policy 6 289Google Scholar
Goldberg, J. 2010
Goldemberg, J.Feiveson, H.A. 1994 Denuclearization in Argentina and BrazilArms Control Today 24 10Google Scholar
Goldschmidt, P. 2010
Goodkind, D.West, L. 2001 The North Korean Famine and its Demographic ImpactPopulation and Development Review 27 219CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gordon, J. 2010 Invisible WarCambridge, MAHarvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Gottemoeller, R. 2007 The Evolution of Sanctions in Practice and TheorySurvival 49 99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham-Brown, S. 1999 Sanctioning SaddamNew YorkI.B. TaurisGoogle Scholar
Grim, R. 2010
Gulal, S.A. 2001 How Saddam Gained Upper HandEconomic and Political Weekly 36 3026Google Scholar
Guo, J. 2009
Ha, Y. 1978 Nuclearization of Small States and World OrderAsian Survey 18 1134CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haass, R.N. 1997
Haass, R.N. 1998 Economic Sanctions and American DiplomacyNew YorkCouncil on Foreign Relations PressGoogle Scholar
Haass, R.N.O’Sullivan, M. 2000 Honey and Vinegar: Incentives, Sanctions, and Foreign PolicyWashington, DCThe Brookings Institution
Hafezi, M.Mostashari, A.Alvandi, R. 2004
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2007 Famine in North KoreaNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2008 North Korea’s Foreign Economic RelationsInternational Relations of the Asia-Pacific 8 219CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2009 North Korea in 2008Asian Survey 49 98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2009 Sanctioning North Korea: The Political Economy of Denuclearization and ProliferationAsian Survey 50 539CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2010 Policy Brief 10–1Washington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2010 Sanctioning North KoreaAsia Survey 50 539CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2010 Working Paper WP 10–2Washington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Haggard, S.Noland, M. 2011
Haggard, S.Pinkston, D. 2010
Hannay, D. 2009 Three Iraqi Intelligence Failures ReconsideredSurvival 51 13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, V.Hatang, S.Liberman, P. 2004 Unveiling South Africa’s Nuclear PastJournal of Southern African Studies 30 457CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, S.S. 2001 Time to Leave Korea?Foreign Affairs 80 62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, S.S. 2002 Korean EndgamePrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Harrison, S.S. 2005 Did North Korea Cheat?Foreign Affairs 84 99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, S.S. 2010
Hart, R.A. 2000 Democracy and the Successful Use of Economic SanctionsPolitical Research Quarterly 53 267CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkins, D.Lloyd, J. 2003 Questioning Comprehensive SanctionsJournal of Human Rights 2 441CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, P. 1991 Pacific PowderkegSeoulHan-ul PressGoogle Scholar
Hayes, P. 2010
Hedström, P.Ylikoski, P. 2010 Causal Mechanisms in the Social SciencesAnnual Review of Sociology 36 49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinonen, O. 2010 PolicyWatch No. 1715Washington, DCThe Washington Institute for Near East PolicyGoogle Scholar
Hendrickson, D.C. 1994 The Democratist CrusadeWorld Policy Journal 11 18Google Scholar
Hersh, S. 2003
Hibbs, M. 1987 Iraqi Attack on Bushehr Kills West German Nuclear OfficialNucleonics Week 28Google Scholar
Hibbs, M. 1987 Bushehr Construction Now Remote after Three Iraqi Air StrikesNucleonics Week 28Google Scholar
Hibbs, M. 1991 Bonn will Decline Teheran Bid to Resuscitate Bushehr ProjectNucleonics Week 32Google Scholar
Hinnebusch, R.A. 1993 The Politics of Economic Reform in EgyptThird World Quarterly 14 159CrossRefGoogle Scholar
House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee 2008
Hovi, J.Huseby, R.Sprinz, D.F. 2005 When Do (Imposed) Economic Sanctions Work?World Politics 57 479CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hufbauer, G.C.Oegg, B. 2000 Targeted SanctionsLaw and Policy in International Business 32 11Google Scholar
Hufbauer, G.CSchott, J.J.Elliott, K.A. 1990 Economic Sanctions Reconsidered, II EditionWashington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Hufbauer, G.CSchott, J.J.Elliott, K.A. 1990 Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: Supplemental Case HistoriesWashington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Hufbauer, G.CSchott, J.J.Elliott, K.A. 2007 Economic Sanctions Reconsidered, III EditionWashington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Hufbauer, G.CSchott, J.J.Elliott, K.A. 2009 Economic Sanctions Reconsidered, III Edition (Softcover with CD)Washington, DCPeterson Institute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Hughes, L.Kreyling, S.J. 2010 Understanding Resource Nationalism in the 21st CenturyJournal of Energy SecurityGoogle Scholar
Huntington, S. 1981 The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military RelationsCambridge, MAHarvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Hymans, J.E.C. 2006 The Psychology of Nuclear ProliferationNew YorkCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikenberry, G.J. 1988 An Institutional Approach to American Foreign PolicyInternational Organization 42 219CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikenberry, G.J. 2000 After VictoryPrincetonPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Ilias, S. 2010
Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies 2006 The Cuban Military in the Economy (Staff Report)Focus on Cuba 46 11Google Scholar
Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS) Reports 1999
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 2004
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 2010
Iranian Human Rights Documentation Center 2007
Islamic Republic News Agency 2007
James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS) 2010 Nuclear Threat Initiative: Country ProfilesMonterey Institute of International StudiesGoogle Scholar
Jentleson, B.W.Whytock, C.A. 2005 Who “Won” Libya?International Security 30 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jervis, R. 1976 Perception and Misperception in International PoliticsPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Jervis, R. 1980 The Impact of the Korean War on the Cold WarThe Journal of Conflict Resolution 24 563CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jervis, R. 1997 System Effects: Complexity in Political and Social LifePrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Jervis, R. 2010 Why Intelligence Fails: Lessons From the Iranian Revolution and the Iraq WarIthacaCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Joffe, G. 2008 Libya Since 1969Vandewalle, D.New YorkPalgrave MacmillanGoogle Scholar
Jones, P. 1998 Iran’s Threat Perceptions and Arms Control PoliciesThe Nonproliferation Review39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joseph, R.G. 2009 Countering WMDFairfaxNational Institute PressGoogle Scholar
Kaempfer, W.H.Lowenberg, A.D. 1988 The Theory of International Economic SanctionsAmerican Economic Review 78 786Google Scholar
Kaempfer, W.H.Lowenberg, A.D. 1992 International Economic SanctionsBoulderWestview PressGoogle Scholar
Kaempfer, W.H.Lowenberg, A.D. 1999 Unilateral Versus Multilateral International SanctionsInternational Studies Quarterly 43 37CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaempfer, W.H.Lowenberg, A.D.Mertens, W. 2004 International Economic Sanctions Against a DictatorEconomics and Politics 16 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahler, M.Kastner, S.L. 2006 Strategic Uses of Economic InterdependenceJournal of Peace Research 43 523CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katzenstein, P.J.Okawara, N. 2001 Japan, Asian-Pacific Security, and the Case of Analytic EclecticismInternational Security 26 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katzenstein, P.J.Sil, R. 2010 Beyond Paradigms: Analytic Eclecticism in the Study of World PoliticsNew YorkPalgrave MacmillanGoogle Scholar
Katzman, K. 2002 Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. PolicyIssue Brief for CongressGoogle Scholar
Katzman, K. 2009 Iraq: Former Regime Weapons Programs and Outstanding UN IssuesCongressional Research Service (CRS) Report for CongressGoogle Scholar
Katzman, K. 2011
Keohane, R.O. 1986 Reciprocity in International RelationsInternational Organization 40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khatami, M. 1998 Islam, Liberty, and DevelopmentBirminghamInstitute of Global Cultural Studies, State University of New YorkGoogle Scholar
Kim, S.Y. 2009 SAIS U.S.-Korea Yearbook 2008Washington, DCJohns Hopkins UniversityGoogle Scholar
Kirshner, J. 1995 Currency and CoercionPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Kirshner, J. 1997 The Microfoundations of Economic SanctionsSecurity Studies 6 32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klebnikov, P. 2003
Klotz, A. 1995 Norms in International Relations: The Struggle Against ApartheidIthacaCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Knorr, K. 1977 Economic Issues and National SecurityKnorr, K.Trager, F.N.LawrenceRegents Press of KansasGoogle Scholar
Koh, B.C. 2005
Krasner, S.D. 1977 Economic Issues and National SecurityKnorr, K.Trager, F.N.LawrenceRegents Press of KansasGoogle Scholar
Krasner, S.D. 1977 US Commercial and Monetary PolicyInternational Organization 31 635CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krasno, J.E.Sutterlin, J.S. 2003 The United Nations and IraqWestportPraegerGoogle Scholar
Kreps, S.Fuhrmann, M. 2011 Attacking the Atom: Does Bombing Nuclear Facilities Affect Proliferation?Journal of Strategic Studies 34 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lacy, D.Niou, E.M.S. 2004 A Theory of Economic Sanctions and Issue LinkageJournal of Politics 66 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lankov, A. 2008 Staying AliveForeign Affairs 87 9Google Scholar
Lankov, A. 2009 Pyongyang Strikes BackAsia Policy 8 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lantos, T. 2004
Larson, E.V.Savych, B. 2005 American Public Support for US Military OperationsArlingtonRand CorporationGoogle Scholar
Lavoy, P.R. 1993 Nuclear Myths and the Causes of Nuclear ProliferationSecurity Studies 2 192CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leamer, E.E. 1995
Lebovic, J.H. 2007 Deterring International Terrorism and Rogue StatesNew YorkRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Lebow, R.N. 2003 The Tragic Vision of PoliticsNew YorkCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lebow, R.N. 2010 Forbidden Fruit: Counterfactuals and International RelationsPrinceton University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, A.R.Lee, H.Lee, J.Y.Kim, I.G. 2009 The Paradox of North Korea’s Ideological RadicalismNorth Korean Review 5 46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S. 2003
Lektzian, D.J.Souva, M. 2007 An Institutional Theory of Sanctions Onset and SuccessJournal of Conflict Resolution 51 848CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenway, S.A. 1988 Between War and CommerceInternational Organization 42 397CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levitt, M. 2010
Levy, J.S. 2000 Handbook of War Studies IIMidlarsky, M.I.Ann Arbor, MIUniversity of Michigan PressGoogle Scholar
Lewis, J.W.Carlin, R. 2010
Liberman, P. 2001 The Rise and Fall of the South African BombInternational Security 26 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lim, J. 2009 Kim Jong Il’s Leadership of North KoreaNew YorkRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Lindsay, J. 1986 Trade Sanctions as Policy Instruments: A Re-ExaminationInternational Studies Quarterly 30 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsay, J.Takeyh, R. 2010 After Iran Gets the BombForeign Affairs 89 33Google Scholar
Liss, J. 2007 Making Monetary MischiefWorld Policy Journal 24 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litwak, R.S. 2002 The New Calculus of PreemptionSurvival 44 53CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litwak, R.S. 2003 Non-proliferation and the Dilemmas of Regime ChangeSurvival 45 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litwak, R.S. 2007 Regime ChangeWashington, DCWoodrow Wilson Center PressGoogle Scholar
Loeffler, R. 2009 Bank ShotsForeign Affairs 88 101Google Scholar
Lopez, G.A. 1999 More Ethical Than Not: Sanctions as Surgical ToolsEthics & International Affairs 13 143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lopez, G.A.Cortright, D. 2004
Lowe, V. 1997 US Extraterritorial JurisdictionInternational and Comparative Law Quarterly 46 378CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackby, J.Cornish, P. 2008 U.S.-U.K. Nuclear Cooperation After 50 YearsWashington, DCCenter for Strategic and International StudiesGoogle Scholar
MacLachlan, A. 1986
Macleod, S.Siamdoust, N. 2004
Mahley, D. 2004
Major, S.McGann, A.J. 2005 Caught in the CrossfireJournal of Conflict Resolution 49 337CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Makhmalbaf, M. 2010
Malloy, M.P. 2006
Malone, D.M. 2006 The International Struggle over IraqNew YorkOxford University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maloney, S. 2009
Maloney, S. 2010 Sanctioning IranThe Washington Quarterly 33 131CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansfield, E.D. 1995 International Institutions and Economic SanctionsWorld Politics 47 575CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansfield, E.D. 2004 International Conflict and the Global EconomyMansfield, E.D.CheltenhamEdward Elgar PublishingGoogle Scholar
Mansourov, A.Y. 1995 Working Paper No. 1995/3AustraliaResearch School of Pacific Studies, Australian National UniversityGoogle Scholar
Maoz, Z. 1983 Resolve, Capabilities, and the Outcomes of Interstate DisputesJournal of Conflict Resolution 27 195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maramoto, M. 2008 North Korea and the China ModelOn Korea 1 98Google Scholar
Marinov, N. 2005 Do Economic Sanctions Destabilize Country Leaders?American Journal of Political Science 49 564CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mark, C.R. 2002 Libya: CRS Issue Brief for CongressWashington, DCLibrary of CongressGoogle Scholar
Marks, S.P. 1999 Economic Sanctions as Human Rights ViolationsAmerican Journal of Public Health 89 1509CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marr, P. 1985 The Modern History of IraqBoulderWestview PressGoogle Scholar
Martin, L.L. 1992 Coercive CooperationPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Martin, L.L. 1992 Institutions and CooperationInternational Security 16 143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, L.L. 1993 Credibility, Costs, and InstitutionsWorld Politics 45 406CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinez, L. 2007 The Libyan ParadoxNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Mastanduno, M. 1988 Trade as a Strategic WeaponInternational Organization 42 121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mastanduno, M. 2008 Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, and CasesSmith, S.Hadfield, A.Dunne, T.New YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Mattes, H. 1995 Qadhyafi’s Libya 1969 to 1994Vandewalle, D.New YorkSt. Martin’sGoogle Scholar
Mazaheri, N. 2010 Iraq and the Domestic Political Effects of Economic SanctionsMiddle East Journal 64 253CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazarr, M.J. 1995 Going Just a Little NuclearInternational Security 20 92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazarr, M.J. 2007
Mazarr, M.J. 2008 The Folly of “Asymmetric War.”The Washington Quarterly 31 33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazarr, M.J. 2011
McDermott, R. 1998 Risk Taking in International RelationsAnn ArborUniversity of Michigan PressGoogle Scholar
McEachern, P. 2008 Interest Groups in North Korean PoliticsJournal of East Asian Studies 8 235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGillivray, F.Smith, A. 2008 Punishing the Prince: A Theory of Interstate Relations, Political Institutions, and Leader ChangePrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
McGillivray, F.Stam, A. C. 2004
MEED 2004
Mehr News Agency 2010
Mehr News Agency 2010
Mercer, J. 2005
Meyer, S.M. 1984 The Dynamics of Nuclear ProliferationUniversity of Chicago PressGoogle Scholar
Milani, A. 2010
Milani, A. 2010
Miller, T.Kim, A.B. 2010 2010 Index of Economic FreedomWashington, DCHeritage FoundationGoogle Scholar
Milner, H.Kubota, K. 2005 Why the Move to Free Trade? Democracy and Trade Policy in the Developing CountriesInternational Organization 59 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohamedi, F. 2010
Moon, W.J. 2009 The Origins of the Great North Korean FamineNorth Korean Review 5 105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mora, F.O. 2002
Morgan, T.C.Bapat, N.A. 2003 Imposing Sanctions: States, Firms, and Economic CoercionInternational Studies Review 5 65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, T.C.Schwebach, V.L. 1996 Economic Sanctions as Instruments of Foreign PolicyInternational Interactions 21 247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, T.C.Schwebach, V.L. 1997 Fools Suffer GladlyInternational Studies Quarterly 41 27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morley, M.H. 1984 The United States and the Global Economic Blockade of CubaCanadian Journal of Political Science 17 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, K.M. 2009 Oil, Nontax Revenue, and the Redistributional Foundations of Regime SecurityInternational Organization 63 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrow, J. 1989 Capabilities, Uncertainty, and ResolveAmerican Journal of Political Science 33 941CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moslem, M. 2002 Factional Politics in Post-Khomeini IranSyracuse University PressGoogle Scholar
Mueller, J. 2010 Atomic ObsessionNew YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Mueller, J.Mueller, K. 1999 Sanctions of Mass DestructionForeign Affairs 78 43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nader, A. 2009
Naji, K. 2008 AhmadinejadLos AngelesUniversity of California PressGoogle Scholar
Nakdimon, S. 1987 First StrikeNew YorkSummit BooksGoogle Scholar
Nanto, D.K.Chanlett-Avery, E. 2009 North Korea: Economic Leverage and Policy AnalysisWashington, DCCongressional Research ServiceGoogle Scholar
National Association of Manufacturers 1997
National Committee on North Korea 2007
Newnham, R.E. 2000 More Flies With HoneyInternational Studies Quarterly 44 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newnham, R.E. 2002 Deutsche Mark DiplomacyUniversity Park: Pennsylvania State University PressGoogle Scholar
Niblock, T. 2001 “Pariah States” and Sanctions in the Middle EastBoulderLynne RiennerGoogle Scholar
Niksch, L.A. 2002 North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons ProgramCRS Report for CongressGoogle Scholar
Nincic, M. 2005 Renegade RegimesNew YorkColumbia University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nincic, M. 2010 Getting What You Wan. International Security 35 138CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nincic, M. 2011 The Logic of Positive EngagementIthacaCornell University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nincic, M.Wallensteen, P. 1983 Dilemmas of Economic CoercionNew YorkPraeger
Noël, P. 2010
Noland, M. 2004 Korea after Kim Jong-ilWashington, DCInstitute for International EconomicsGoogle Scholar
Noland, M. 2005 Famine and Reform in North KoreaAsian Economic Papers 3 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noland, M. 2009 Telecoms in North KoreaNorth Korea Review 5 62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noland, M. 2009 The (Non) Impact of UN Sanctions on North KoreaAsia Policy 7 61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nooruddin, I. 2002 Modeling Selection Bias in Studies of Sanctions EfficacyInternational Interactions 28 57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Normark, M.Lindblad, A.Norqvist, A.Sandström, B.Waldenström, L. 2005 Israel and WMD: Incentives and CapabilitiesSwedish Defence Research AgencyGoogle Scholar
North Korea Leadership Watch 2010
Nossal, K.R 1989 International Sanctions as International PunishmentInternational Organization 43 301CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nourbakhsh, A.A. 2005
Nye, J.S. 2008 Public Diplomacy and Soft PowerThe Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 616 94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Office of the Vice President 2004 Vice President Participates in a Q&A at the Boone County Lumber Company in Columbia, MissouriWhite House ArchivesGoogle Scholar
O’Sullivan, M.L. 2003 Shrewd SanctionWashington, DCBrookings Institution PressGoogle Scholar
Oye, K.A. 1985 Explaining Cooperation Under AnarchyWorld Politics 38 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pant, H.V. 2010
Pape, R. 1997 Why Economic Sanctions Do Not WorkInternational Security 22 90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pape, R. 1998 Why Economic Sanctions Still Do Not WorkInternational Security 23 66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pargeter, A. 2000 Anglo-Libyan Relations and the Suez CrisisJournal of North African Studies 5 41CrossRefGoogle Scholar
PBS 1999
Peksen, D. 2009 Better or Worse?Journal of Peace Research 46 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peksen, D. 2010 Coercive Diplomacy and Press FreedomInternational Political Science Review 31 449CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peksen, D.Drury, A.C. 2009 Economic Sanctions and Political RepressionHuman Rights Review 10 393CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perkovich, G. 2009
Perry, G. 1971 Political ElitesColchesterECPR PressGoogle Scholar
Pesaran, H.M. 2000 The Economy of Iran: Dilemmas of an Islamic StateAlizadeh, P.New YorkI.B. TaurisGoogle Scholar
Pessin, A. 2010
Peterson, Scott. 2009
Pew Research Group 2010
Pickering, T.R. 2010 The Iranian QuagmireBulletin of the Atomic Scientists 66 88CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinkston, D.A. 2003 Domestic Politics and Stakeholders in the North Korean Missile Development ProgramThe Nonproliferation Review 10 51CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinkston, D.A.Spector, L.S. 2007
Pollack, J.D. 2003 The United States, North Korea, and the End of the Agreed FrameworkNaval War College Review 56 11Google Scholar
Pollack, K.M. 2002 The Threatening StormNew YorkRandom HouseGoogle Scholar
Pollack, K.M. 2004 The Persian PuzzleNew YorkNY: Random HouseGoogle Scholar
Post, J.M. 2004 Leaders and Their Followers in a Dangerous World: The Psychology of Political BehaviorIthacaCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Potter, W.C.Mukhatzhanova, G. 2008 Divining Nuclear IntentionsInternational Security 33 139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, W.C.Mukhatzhanova, G. 2010 Forecasting Nuclear Proliferation in the 21st Century: Volume I, The Role of TheoryPalo AltoStanford University Press
Potter, W.C.Mukhatzhanova, G. 2010 Forecasting Nuclear Proliferation in the 21st Century: Volume II, A Comparative PerspectivePalo AltoStanford University Press
Press, D.G. 2005 Calculating CredibilityIthacaCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Pritchard, C.L. 2007 Failed DiplomacyWashington, DCThe Brookings InstitutionGoogle Scholar
Pritchard, C.L.Tilleli, J.H. 2010 US Policy Toward the Korean PeninsulaNew YorkCouncil on Foreign Relations PressGoogle Scholar
Qaddafi, M. 1976 The Green BookLondonMartin, Brian, and O’KeefeGoogle Scholar
Radio Zamaneh 2010
Ragin, C.C. 2000 Fuzzy-Set Social ScienceLondonUniversity of Chicago PressGoogle Scholar
Ramberg, B. 2006
Reardon, Robert J. 2010
Redd, S.B. 2002 The Influence of Advisers on Foreign Policy Decision MakingJournal of Conflict Resolution 46 335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redick, J.R.Carasales, J.C.Wrobel, P.S. 1994 Nuclear RapprochementThe Washington Quarterly 18 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiss, M. 1988 Without the BombNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Reiss, M. 1995 Bridled AmbitionWashington, DCWoodrow Wilson Center PressGoogle Scholar
Reiss, M.Galucci, R. 2005
Reiss, M.Litwak, R.S. 1994 Nuclear Proliferation After the Cold WarWashington, DCWoodrow Wilson Center PressGoogle Scholar
Reiter, D. 2005 Preventative Attacks Against Nuclear Programs and the “Success” at OsiraqNonproliferation Review 12 255CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiter, D. 2006 Hitting First, Preventive Force in US Security StrategyKeller, W.W.Mitchell, G.R.Pittsburgh University PressGoogle Scholar
Rennack, D.E. 2005
Riedel, B.Samore, G. 2008 Restoring the Balance: A Middle East Strategy for the Next PresidentWashington, DCBrookings Institution PressGoogle Scholar
Ritter, S. 2005 Iraq Confidential: The Untold Story of America’s Intelligence CommunityNew YorkI.B. TaurisGoogle Scholar
Rodman, K.A. 1995 Sanctions At Bay?International Organization 49 105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodman, K.A. 2001 Sanctions Beyond BordersLanhamRowman & LittlefieldGoogle Scholar
Rohde, A. 2010 State-Society Relations in Ba’thist IraqNew YorkRoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Ronen, Y. 2002
Rosecrance, R. 1981 Reward, Punishment, and InterdependenceJournal of Conflict Resolution 25 31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowe, D.M. 2001 Manipulating the MarketAnn ArborUniversity of Michigan PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowe, D.M. 2010 The International Studies EncyclopediaDenemark, R.A.Blackwell PublishingGoogle Scholar
Rowhani, H. 2005
Rowhani, H. 2008
Rozen, L. 2010
Rublee, M.R. 2006 Egypt’s Nuclear Weapons ProgramThe Nonproliferation Review 13 555CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rublee, M.R. 2009 Nonproliferation NormsAthens, GAUniversity of Georgia PressGoogle Scholar
Sadjadpour, K. 2010
Sadjadpour, K. 2010
Sadjadpour, K. 2010
Sadjadpour, K. 2010
Sadjadpour, K. 2010
Sadjadpour, K.Milani, A. 2009
Sadjadpour, K.Bakhash, S.Cohen, R.Esfandiari, H. 2009
Sagan, S.D. 1996 Why Do States Build Nuclear WeaponsInternational Security 21 54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schelling, T.C. 1960 The Strategy of ConflictCambridge, MAHarvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Schelling, T.C. 1966 Arms and InfluenceNew HavenYale University PressGoogle Scholar
Schelling, T.C. 1976 Who Will Have the Bomb?International Security 1 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schelling, T.C. 2006
Schelling, T.C. 2009 A World Without Nuclear Weapons?Daedalus 138 124CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, K.A. 2001 Democracy and Coercive DiplomacyNew YorkCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, K.A. 2005 The Politics of Risking PeaceInternational Organization 59 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumacher, E. 1986 The United States and LibyaForeign Affairs 65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Security Council Report 2010 www.securitycouncilreport.org/site/c.glKWLeMTIsG/b.2705183
Selden, Z.A. 1999 Economic Sanctions as Instruments of American Foreign PolicyWestportPraegerGoogle Scholar
Setadnet, 2010
Shagabutdinova, E.Berejikian, J. 2007 Deploying Sanctions While Protecting Human RightsJournal of Human Rights 6 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shehabaldin, A.Laughlin, W. 1999 Economic Sanctions Against IraqInternational Journal of Human Rights 3 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, D. 2010
Shuster, M. 2010
Siddiqi, A. 2005 Khatami and the Search for Reform in IranStanford Journal of International Relations 6Google Scholar
Sigal, L.V. 1998 Disarming StrangersPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Sigal, L.V. 2002
Sigal, L.V. 2005
Sigal, L.V. 2009
Sigal, L.V. 2010
Sil, R.Katzenstein, P. J. 2010
Singh, M. 2009
Skålnes, L.S. 2000 Politics, Markets, and Grand Strategy Ann ArborUniversity of Michigan PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slavin, B. 2005
Slavin, B. 2007 Bitter Friends, Bosom EnemiesNew YorkSt. Martin’s PressGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. 1995 The Success and Use of Economic SanctionsInternational Interactions 21 229CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 1994 The Political Economy of Nuclear RestraintInternational Security 19 126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 1994 The Domestic Sources of International Regimes: The Evolution of Nuclear Ambiguity in the Middle EastInternational Studies Quarterly 38 305CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 1995 The New Multilateralism and NonproliferationGlobal Governance 1 205Google Scholar
Solingen, E. 1998 Regional Orders at Century’s DawnPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2001 Mapping InternationalizationInternational Studies Quarterly 45 517CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2007 Nuclear Logics: Contrasting Paths in East Asia and the Middle EastPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2007 Pax Asiatica versus Bella Levantina: The Foundations of War and Peace in East Asia and the Middle EastAmerican Political Science Review 101 757CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2009 Comparative PoliticsLichbach, M.I.Zuckerman, A.S.New YorkCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2009
Solingen, E. 2010 Forecasting Nuclear ProliferationPotter, W.C.Palo AltoStanford University PressGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2011 Over the Horizon Proliferation ThreatsLavoy, P.Wirtz, J.Palo AltoStanford University PressGoogle Scholar
Solingen, E. 2011
Solingen, E. 2012 Finnemore, M.Goldstein, J.
Solingen, E.Wolf, A. 2009
Sørensen, V. 1989 Economic Recovery Versus ContainmentCooperation and Conflict 24 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sotomayor Velazquez, A.C. 2000 Civil Military Affairs and Security Institutions in the Southern ConeLatin American Politics and Society 46 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spector, L.Berman, D. 2010 Forecasting Nuclear Proliferation in the 21st Century: Volume II, A Comparative PerspectivePotter, W.C.Mukhatzhanova, G.Palo AltoStanford University PressGoogle Scholar
Spector, L.Smith, J. 1990 Nuclear Ambitions: The Spread of Nuclear Weapons, 1989–1990BoulderWestviewGoogle Scholar
St. John, R.B. 1983 The Ideology of Mu’ammar Al-QadhafiInternational Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 15 471Google Scholar
St. John, R.B. 2004 Libya is Not IraqMiddle East Journal 58 386Google Scholar
St. John, R.B. 2008 Libya Since 1969Vandewalle, D.New YorkPalgrave MacmillanGoogle Scholar
Steil, B.Litan, R. 2006 Financial StatecraftNew HavenYale University PressGoogle Scholar
Stein, A.A. 1976 Conflict and CohesionJournal of Conflict Resolution 20 143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stein, A.A. 1980 The Politics of LinkageWorld Politics 33 62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stein, A.A. 2003 Economic Interdependence and International ConflictMansfield, E.D.Pollins, B.Ann ArborUniversity of Michigan PressGoogle Scholar
Stremlau, J. 1996
Stricker, A. 2010
Takeyh, R. 2001 The Rogue Who Came In From the ColdForeign Affairs 80 62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takeyh, R. 2003 Iran’s Nuclear CalculationsWorld Policy Journal 20 21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takeyh, R. 2003
Takeyh, R. 2006 Hidden IranNew YorkTimes BooksGoogle Scholar
Takeyh, R.Gvosdev, N.K. 2004 Pragmatism in the Midst of Iranian TurmoilThe Washington Quarterly 27 33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takeyh, R.Maloney, S. 2011
Takishita, K.M. 2005 U.S. Economic Sanctions Against North KoreaPacific Rim Law & Policy Journal Association 14 515Google Scholar
Project, Targeted Financial Sanctions 2004
Tetlock, P.E. 2005 Expert Political Judgment: How Good is It? How Can We Know?Princeton University PressGoogle Scholar
Thaler, D.E.Nader, A. 2010 Deep-Seated Entanglements: The Web of Iranian Leadership Can Be Negotiated, Not UnraveledRAND Review 34Google Scholar
Thaler, D.E.Nader, A.Chubin, S.Green, J.D.Lynch, C.Wehrey, F. 2010 Mullahs, Guards, and BonyadsSanta MonicaRAND CorporationGoogle Scholar
Thielmann, G. 2010 The UN Sanctions’ Impact on Iran’s MilitaryArms Control Association 1 11Google Scholar
Tierney, D. 2005 Irrelevant or Malevolent?Review of International Studies 31 645CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilly, C. 2003 The Politics of Collective ViolenceCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toloraya, G. 2008 The Economic Future of North Korea. Korea Economic InstituteOn Korea 1 32Google Scholar
Tomz, M. 2007 Domestic Audience Costs in International RelationsInternational Organization 61 821CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tostensen, A.Bull, B. 2002 Are Smart Sanctions Feasible?World Politics 54 373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United Nations Press Release 2006
United States General Accounting Office 1992 Economic Sanctions: Effectiveness as Tools of Foreign PolicyWashington, DCGoogle Scholar
United States Government Accountability Office 2004 Recovering Iraq’s Assets: Preliminary Observations on U.S. Efforts and ChallengesWashington, DCGoogle Scholar
United States Government Accountability Office 2007 Iran Sanctions: Impact in Furthering U.S. Objectives is Unclear and Should Be ReviewedWashington, DCGoogle Scholar
United States Government Accountability Office 2010 Exporters of Refined Petroleum Products to IranWashington, DCGoogle Scholar
Urquhart, B. 1999
US Energy Information Administration 2010
Vandewalle, D. 2006 A History of Modern LibyaCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
VanWagenen, P. 2000 U.S. Economic SanctionsLaw and Policy in International Business 32 239Google Scholar
Volcker, P.A. 2005 Manipulation of the Oil-for-Food Programme by the Iraqi RegimeIndependent Inquiry Committee into the United Nations Oil-For-Food ProgrammeGoogle Scholar
Volcker, P.A.Goldstone, R.J.Pieth, M. 2005 Independent Inquiry into the United Nations Oil-for-Food ProgrammeNew YorkUnited NationsGoogle Scholar
von Lutterotti, L. 2002 External Economic Relations and Foreign Policy in the European UnionGriller, S.Weidel, B.SpringerGoogle Scholar
Wall, C.R. 2010
Wallensteen, P. 1968 Characteristics of Economic SanctionsJournal of Peace Research 5 248CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallensteen, P. 2000
Wallensteen, P.Staibano, C. 2005 International SanctionsLondonRoutledge
Walt, S. 2010
Weeks, J.L. 2008 Autocratic Audience CostsInternational Organization 62 35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wehrey, F.Green, J.D.Nichiporuk, B.Hansell, L.Nafisi, R.Bohandy, S.R. 2009 The Rise of the PasdaranSanta MonicaRAND CorporationGoogle Scholar
Weschler, W. 2001 Follow the MoneyForeign Affairs 80 40Google Scholar
White House 2002
Wickman, S.B. 2002 North Korea’s Perennial Diet of Carrots and SticksWashington, DCNational Defense University, National War CollegeGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, S. 2009 Just How Special is “Special.”Diplomacy and Statecraft 20 291CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, B.H. 1943 The Coming of Economic Sanctions Into American PracticeAmerican Journal of International Law 37 386CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wintrobe, R. 1990 The Tinpot and the TotalitarianAmerican Political Science Review 84 849CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wit, J.S. 2010
Wit, J.S.Poneman, D.Gallucci, R.L. 2004 Going CriticalWashington, DCBrookings Institution PressGoogle Scholar
Wood, R.M. 2008 A Hand Upon the Throat of the NationInternational Studies Quarterly 52 489CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, K.M.Stout, M.E. 2010 Saddam’s Perceptions and MisperceptionsJournal of Strategic Studies 33 5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, K.M.Pease, M.R.Stout, M.E.Murray, W.Lacey, J. 2006 Iraqi Perspectives Project: A View of Operation Iraqi Freedom from Saddam’s Senior LeadershipWashington, DCJoint Center for Operational AnalysisGoogle Scholar
Woods, K.M.Palkki, D.D.Stout, M.E. 2010 A Survey of Saddam’s Audio Files, 1978–2001Washington, DCInstitute for Defense AnalysesGoogle Scholar
Wright, R. 2010
Yonhap News Agency 2003 North Korea HandbookSeoulYonhap News AgencyGoogle Scholar
Yoon, D.Y.Babson, B.O. 2002 Understanding North Korea’s Economic CrisisAsian Economic Papers 1 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoon, S. 2007 An Economic Perspective of Keasong Industrial Complex in North KoreaAmerican Journal of Applied Sciences 4 938Google Scholar
Zarate, J. 2009 Harnessing the Financial FuriesThe Washington Quarterly 32 43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeev, M. 1983 Resolve, Capabilities, and the Outcome of Interstate Disputes, 1816-1976Journal of Conflict Resolution 27 195Google Scholar
Zweiri, M. 2010

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Edited by Etel Solingen, University of California, Irvine
  • Book: Sanctions, Statecraft, and Nuclear Proliferation
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511862380.016
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Edited by Etel Solingen, University of California, Irvine
  • Book: Sanctions, Statecraft, and Nuclear Proliferation
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511862380.016
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Edited by Etel Solingen, University of California, Irvine
  • Book: Sanctions, Statecraft, and Nuclear Proliferation
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511862380.016
Available formats
×