Aldy, J. E., Ashton, J., Baron, R., Bodansky, D., Charnovitz, S., Diringer, E., Heller, T., Pershing, J., Shukla, P. R., Tubiana, L., Tudela, F. and Wang, X. (2003). Beyond Kyoto: Advancing the International Effort Against Climate Change. Washington, DC: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, December.Google Scholar

Aspen Institute (2002). U. S. Policy on Climate Change: What's Next? A report of the Aspen Institute Environmental Policy Forum, Frank Loy and Bruce Smart (co-chairs), ed. Riggs, John A.. Aspen, Colorado: Aspen Institute.Google Scholar

Bell, T. L., Chou, M.-., Hou, A. Y. and Lindzen, R. S. (2002). Reply. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 599.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bimber, B. (1996). The Politics of Expertise in Congress: the Rise and Fall of the Office of Technology Assessment. Albany: SUNY Press.Google Scholar

Caldeira, K., Jain, A. K. and Hoffert, M. I. (2003). Climate sensitivity uncertainty and the need for energy without CO2 emission. Science, 299, 2052–2054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chou, M.-D., Lindzen, R. S. and Hou, A. Y. (2002). Comments on “The Iris hypothesis: a negative or positive cloud feedback?”. J. Climate, 15, 2713–2715.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Christy, J., Spencer, R. W., Norris, W. B., Braswell, W. D. and Parker, D. E. (2003). Error estimates of version 5.0 of MSU-AMSU bulk atmospheric temperatures. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol, 20, 613–629.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dessler, A. E. (2000). The Chemistry and Physics of Stratospheric Ozone.San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Fu, Q.et al., (2004). Contribution of stratospheric cooling to satellite-inferred tropospheric temperature trends. Nature, 429, 55–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Harrison, H. (2002). Comment on “Does the Earth have an adaptive infrared Iris?”. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 597.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hartmann, D. L. & Michelsen, M. L. (2002). No evidence for Iris. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 249–254.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hoffert, M. I. (2002). Advanced technology paths to global climate stability: energy for a greenhouse planet. Science, 295, 981–987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Howse, R. (2002). The Appellate Body Rulings in the Shrimp/Turtle Case: a new legal baseline for the trade and environment debate. Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 27 (2), 489–519.Google Scholar

IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Houghton, J. T., Filho, L. G. Meira, Callander, B. A., Harris, N., Kattenberg, A. and Maskell, K.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2000). Emissions Scenarios: Special report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Nakicenovic, N. and Swart, R.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001a). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Houghton, J. T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D. J., Noguer, M., Linden, P. J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., and Johnson, C. A.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001b). Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. McCarthy, J. J., Canziani, O. F., Leary, N. A., Dokken, D. J. and White, K. S.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

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Jasanoff, S. (1990). The Fifth Branch: Science Advisors as Policymakers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Karl, T. R. and Trenberth, K. E. (2003). Modern global climate change. Science, 302 (5 December), 1719–1723.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Lean, J. and Rind, D. (2001). Sun–climate connections: Earth's response to a variable Sun. Science, 292, 234–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lin, B., Wong, T., Wielicki, B. A. and Hu, Y. (2004). Examination of the decadal tropical mean ERBS nonscanner radiation data for the Iris hypothesis. J. Climate, 17, 1239–1246.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lindzen, R. S., Chou, M.-D. and Hou, A. Y. (2001). Does the Earth have an adaptive iris?Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 82, 417–432.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lindzen, R. S., Chou, M.-D. and Hou, A. Y. (2002). Comment on “No evidence for Iris”. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 1345–1348.Google Scholar

Lomborg, B. (2001). The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World.New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mazur, A. (1973). “Disputes between experts”. Minerva: a review of science, learning, and policy, 11: 2, April 1973, pp. 243–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McIntyre, S. and McKitrick, R. (2005). Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance. Geophys. Res. Letts., 32 (3), L03710.Google Scholar

Mears, C. A.et al. (2003). A reanalysis of the MSU channel 2 tropospheric temperature trend. J. Climate, 16, 3650–3664.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Michaels, P. J. (2004). Meltdown: The Predictable Distortion of Global Warming by Scientists, Politicians, and the Media. Washington, D. C.: Cato Institute.Google Scholar

Michaels, P. J. and Balling, R. C. (2000). The Satanic Gases: Clearing the Air About Global Warming.Washington, D. C.: Cato Institute.Google Scholar

Moberg, A., Sonechkin, D. M., Holmgren, K., Datsenko, N. M. and Karlén, W. (2005). Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data. Nature, 433, 613–617.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Monastersky, R. (2003). Storm brews over global warming. Chronicle of Higher Education, 50 (2), A16.Google Scholar

National Commission on Energy Policy (2004). Ending the Energy Stalemate: A Bipartisan Strategy to Meet America's Energy Challenges. December 2004. Available at www.energycommission.org

Oerlemans, J. (2005). Extracting a climate signal from 169 glacier records. SciencExpress, 3 March, 10.1126/science.1107046.Google ScholarPubMed

Pacala, S. and Socolow, R. (2004). Stabilization wedges: solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies. Science, 305, 968–972.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Parson, E. A. (2003). Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science and Strategy.New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Parson, E. A. and Fisher-Vanden, K. (1997). Integrated assessment models of global climate change. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 22, 589–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Petit, J. R.et al. (1999). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429–436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ruckelshaus, W. D. (1985). Risk, science, and democracy. Issues in Science and Technology, 1: 3, Spring, pp. 19–38.Google Scholar

Sandalow, D. B. and Bowles, I. A. (2001). Fundamentals of treaty-making on climate change. Science, 292 (8 June), 1839–1840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stewart, R. B. and Wiener, J. B. (2003). Reconstructing Climate Policy: Beyond Kyoto. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.Google Scholar

Soon, W. and Baliunas, S. (2003). Proxy climatic and environmental changes of the past 1000 years. Climate Research, 23, 89–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Spencer, R. W. and Christy, J. R. (1990). Precise monitoring of global temperature trends from satellites. Science, 247, 1558–1562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stommel, H. M. and Stommel, E. (1983). Volcano Weather: the Story of 1816, the Year without a Summer. Newport, RI: Seven Seas Press.Google Scholar

Storch, H., Zorita, E., Jones, J. M., Dimitriev, Y., Gonzalez-Rouco, F. and Tett, S. F. B. (2004). Reconstructing past climate from noisy data. Science, 306 (5296), 679–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

US National Academy of Sciences (2000). Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources. Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change.Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press.

US National Academy of Sciences (2003). Climate Research Committee, Panel on Climate Change Feedbacks. Understanding Climate Change Feedbacks. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press.

US Global Change Research Program, National Assessment Synthesis Team (2001). Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Victor, D. G. (2004). Climate Change: Debating America's Policy Options. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.Google Scholar

Vinnikov, K. Y. and Grody, N. C. (2004). Global warming trend of mean tropospheric temperatures observed by satellites. Science, 302, 269–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Weart, S. R. (2003). The Discovery of Global Warming. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Weinberg, A. M. (1972). “Science and trans-science”. Minerva: a review of science, learning, and policy, 10: 2, April 1972, pp. 209–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Aldy, J. E., Ashton, J., Baron, R., Bodansky, D., Charnovitz, S., Diringer, E., Heller, T., Pershing, J., Shukla, P. R., Tubiana, L., Tudela, F. and Wang, X. (2003). Beyond Kyoto: Advancing the International Effort Against Climate Change. Washington, DC: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, December.Google Scholar

Aspen Institute (2002). U. S. Policy on Climate Change: What's Next? A report of the Aspen Institute Environmental Policy Forum, Frank Loy and Bruce Smart (co-chairs), ed. Riggs, John A.. Aspen, Colorado: Aspen Institute.Google Scholar

Bell, T. L., Chou, M.-., Hou, A. Y. and Lindzen, R. S. (2002). Reply. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 599.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bimber, B. (1996). The Politics of Expertise in Congress: the Rise and Fall of the Office of Technology Assessment. Albany: SUNY Press.Google Scholar

Caldeira, K., Jain, A. K. and Hoffert, M. I. (2003). Climate sensitivity uncertainty and the need for energy without CO2 emission. Science, 299, 2052–2054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chou, M.-D., Lindzen, R. S. and Hou, A. Y. (2002). Comments on “The Iris hypothesis: a negative or positive cloud feedback?”. J. Climate, 15, 2713–2715.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Christy, J., Spencer, R. W., Norris, W. B., Braswell, W. D. and Parker, D. E. (2003). Error estimates of version 5.0 of MSU-AMSU bulk atmospheric temperatures. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol, 20, 613–629.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dessler, A. E. (2000). The Chemistry and Physics of Stratospheric Ozone.San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Fu, Q.et al., (2004). Contribution of stratospheric cooling to satellite-inferred tropospheric temperature trends. Nature, 429, 55–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Harrison, H. (2002). Comment on “Does the Earth have an adaptive infrared Iris?”. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 597.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hartmann, D. L. & Michelsen, M. L. (2002). No evidence for Iris. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 249–254.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hoffert, M. I. (2002). Advanced technology paths to global climate stability: energy for a greenhouse planet. Science, 295, 981–987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Howse, R. (2002). The Appellate Body Rulings in the Shrimp/Turtle Case: a new legal baseline for the trade and environment debate. Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 27 (2), 489–519.Google Scholar

IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Houghton, J. T., Filho, L. G. Meira, Callander, B. A., Harris, N., Kattenberg, A. and Maskell, K.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2000). Emissions Scenarios: Special report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Nakicenovic, N. and Swart, R.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001a). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Houghton, J. T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D. J., Noguer, M., Linden, P. J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., and Johnson, C. A.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001b). Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. McCarthy, J. J., Canziani, O. F., Leary, N. A., Dokken, D. J. and White, K. S.. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001c). Climate Change 2001: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Metz, B., Davidon, O., Swart, R. and Pan., J.Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

IPCC (2001d). Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report. A Contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. Watson, R. T. and the Core Writing Team. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Jasanoff, S. (1990). The Fifth Branch: Science Advisors as Policymakers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Karl, T. R. and Trenberth, K. E. (2003). Modern global climate change. Science, 302 (5 December), 1719–1723.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Lean, J. and Rind, D. (2001). Sun–climate connections: Earth's response to a variable Sun. Science, 292, 234–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lin, B., Wong, T., Wielicki, B. A. and Hu, Y. (2004). Examination of the decadal tropical mean ERBS nonscanner radiation data for the Iris hypothesis. J. Climate, 17, 1239–1246.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lindzen, R. S., Chou, M.-D. and Hou, A. Y. (2001). Does the Earth have an adaptive iris?Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 82, 417–432.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lindzen, R. S., Chou, M.-D. and Hou, A. Y. (2002). Comment on “No evidence for Iris”. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 83, 1345–1348.Google Scholar

Lomborg, B. (2001). The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World.New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mazur, A. (1973). “Disputes between experts”. Minerva: a review of science, learning, and policy, 11: 2, April 1973, pp. 243–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McIntyre, S. and McKitrick, R. (2005). Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance. Geophys. Res. Letts., 32 (3), L03710.Google Scholar

Mears, C. A.et al. (2003). A reanalysis of the MSU channel 2 tropospheric temperature trend. J. Climate, 16, 3650–3664.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Michaels, P. J. (2004). Meltdown: The Predictable Distortion of Global Warming by Scientists, Politicians, and the Media. Washington, D. C.: Cato Institute.Google Scholar

Michaels, P. J. and Balling, R. C. (2000). The Satanic Gases: Clearing the Air About Global Warming.Washington, D. C.: Cato Institute.Google Scholar

Moberg, A., Sonechkin, D. M., Holmgren, K., Datsenko, N. M. and Karlén, W. (2005). Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data. Nature, 433, 613–617.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Monastersky, R. (2003). Storm brews over global warming. Chronicle of Higher Education, 50 (2), A16.Google Scholar

National Commission on Energy Policy (2004). Ending the Energy Stalemate: A Bipartisan Strategy to Meet America's Energy Challenges. December 2004. Available at www.energycommission.org

Oerlemans, J. (2005). Extracting a climate signal from 169 glacier records. SciencExpress, 3 March, 10.1126/science.1107046.Google ScholarPubMed

Pacala, S. and Socolow, R. (2004). Stabilization wedges: solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies. Science, 305, 968–972.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Parson, E. A. (2003). Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science and Strategy.New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Parson, E. A. and Fisher-Vanden, K. (1997). Integrated assessment models of global climate change. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 22, 589–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Petit, J. R.et al. (1999). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429–436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ruckelshaus, W. D. (1985). Risk, science, and democracy. Issues in Science and Technology, 1: 3, Spring, pp. 19–38.Google Scholar

Sandalow, D. B. and Bowles, I. A. (2001). Fundamentals of treaty-making on climate change. Science, 292 (8 June), 1839–1840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stewart, R. B. and Wiener, J. B. (2003). Reconstructing Climate Policy: Beyond Kyoto. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.Google Scholar

Soon, W. and Baliunas, S. (2003). Proxy climatic and environmental changes of the past 1000 years. Climate Research, 23, 89–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Spencer, R. W. and Christy, J. R. (1990). Precise monitoring of global temperature trends from satellites. Science, 247, 1558–1562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stommel, H. M. and Stommel, E. (1983). Volcano Weather: the Story of 1816, the Year without a Summer. Newport, RI: Seven Seas Press.Google Scholar

Storch, H., Zorita, E., Jones, J. M., Dimitriev, Y., Gonzalez-Rouco, F. and Tett, S. F. B. (2004). Reconstructing past climate from noisy data. Science, 306 (5296), 679–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

US National Academy of Sciences (2000). Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources. Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change.Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press.

US National Academy of Sciences (2003). Climate Research Committee, Panel on Climate Change Feedbacks. Understanding Climate Change Feedbacks. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press.

US Global Change Research Program, National Assessment Synthesis Team (2001). Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Victor, D. G. (2004). Climate Change: Debating America's Policy Options. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.Google Scholar

Vinnikov, K. Y. and Grody, N. C. (2004). Global warming trend of mean tropospheric temperatures observed by satellites. Science, 302, 269–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Weart, S. R. (2003). The Discovery of Global Warming. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Weinberg, A. M. (1972). “Science and trans-science”. Minerva: a review of science, learning, and policy, 10: 2, April 1972, pp. 209–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar