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Salt trade in Europe and the development of salt fleets

from La forte croissance de l'économie des pêches et des échanges

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

Inês Amorim
Affiliation:
University of Porto
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Summary

ABSTRACT. The salt routes contributed to structuring the commercial routes between northern Europe and Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe. Salt was a vital product for the halieutic industry and agriculture, and was essential for the balance of trade between the north and south of Europe. It was a heavy product that contributed to lowering the price of transportation for long journeys, and often served as ballast in inter-regional trips. Salt or ‘white gold’ was a strategic product for the relations between major producing countries – France and Portugal, the Hanseatic League, Holland and England – that took charge of the traffic, but the large consumers represented by the Baltic and Scandinavian countries would soon be increasingly visible on these salt routes.

RÉSUMÉ. Les routes du sel ont contribué à structurer les circuits du commerce entre l'Europe du nord et l'Europe atlantique et méditerranéenne. Le sel est un produit vital pour l'industrie halieutique et l'agriculture, et essentiel dans l'équilibre des échanges entre le nord et le sud de l'Europe. C'est un produit pondéreux qui contribue à faire baisser le prix du transport au long cours et sert souvent de lest dans les liaisons interrégionales. « L'or blanc salé » est un produit stratégique pour les relations entre les pays producteurs majeurs – La France et le Portugal, la Ligue Hanséatique, la Hollande et l'Angleterre – qui vont s'approprier les trafics, mais les gros consommateurs que sont les pays de la Baltique et de Scandinavie vont progressivement s'imposer sur les routes du sel.

INTRODUCTION: THE SALT TRADE CONSTRAINTS

Approaches to salt trade history must take into account factors which influence their nature and directions, such as the environmental and adaptive ways, and conditions of salt exploitation and production (solar salt, brine and rock salt), the competition between production centres and their adaptation to consumption preferences, the local, regional and world trade circuits, and the political intervention.

Taking the period of 1500–1800 as a whole, how and why did the salt trade fail to achieve a position in the European and Atlantic trade, or even what kind of international rivalry led to shifts in volume and competitive position of producing and consuming countries?

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2017

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