Chapter 1 sets the stage for the book. It situates the argument of the book within discussions on the origins of neoliberalism, neoliberal ideas and practices travelling from the Global North to the Global South and neoliberal duality before moving to demonstrate the limits of gender considerations in theorizing neoliberalism. The chapter puts forward the argument that in order to understand gender under neoliberalism it is crucial to take the experiences of marginalised women – women selling sex in this instance – in the Global South seriously. It surveys debates regarding neoliberalism, sex work and the connection between the two. The chapter concludes with methodological considerations, notes of field research and the outline of the book structure.