Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-n9wrp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T14:44:11.934Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

10 - Artists of Dionysus: The First Professional Associations in the Ancient Greek World

from Part IV - Case Studies of Professions 2: Music and Athletics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2020

Edmund Stewart
Affiliation:
University of Nottingham
Edward Harris
Affiliation:
University of Durham
David Lewis
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh
Get access

Summary

By the early third century BC, musicians and people of the theatre with varied specializations, who participated in the Greek music contests (technitai tou Dionysou), began to organize themselves into associations, which can be deemed as the first professional associations in the Greek world. These associations were acting on behalf of their members as their ‘art agents’, but also on behalf of the organizers of festivals and contests (cities, kings, confederations) as their intermediaries.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aneziri, S., 1997. Les synagonistes du théâtre grec aux époques hellénistique et romaine: une question de terminologie et de fonction. In Le Guen, B, ed., ‘De la scène aux gradins’. Théâtre et représentations dramatiques après Alexandre le Grand. Pallas 47. Toulouse, pp. 5371.Google Scholar
Aneziri, S., 2001–2002. A different guild of artists: τὸ Κοινὸν τῶν περὶ τὴν Ἱλαρὰν Ἀφροδίτην τεχνιτῶν. Archaiognosia, 11, pp. 4756.Google Scholar
Aneziri, S., 2003. Die Vereine der dionysischen Techniten im Kontext der hellenistischen Gesellschaft. Historia Einzelschriften 163. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Aneziri, S., 2007. The organisation of music contests in the Hellenistic period and artists’ participation. In Wilson, P, ed., The Greek Theatre and Festivals. Documentary Studies. Oxford, pp. 6784.Google Scholar
Aneziri, S., 2009. World travellers: the associations of Artists of Dionysus. In Hunter, R and Rutherford, I, eds., Wandering Poets in Ancient Greek Culture. Cambridge, pp. 217–36.Google Scholar
Aneziri, S., 2014. Greek strategies of adaptation to the Roman world: the case of the contests. Mnemosyne, 67, pp. 423–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ascough, R. S., Harland, Ph., and Kloppenborg, J. S., 2011–13. Associations in the Greco-Roman World: Texts, Translations and Commentary, 2 vols. Berlin.Google Scholar
Baslez, M. F., 1988. Les communautés d’Orientaux dans les cités grecques: formes de sociabilité et modèles associatifs. In Lonis, R, ed., L’Étranger dans le monde grec, I. Actes du Colloque de Nancy, mai 1987. Nancy, pp. 139–58.Google Scholar
Bonnet, C., 2015. Les enfants de Cadmos. Le paysage religieux de la Phénicie hellénistique. Paris.Google Scholar
Calvet, M. and Roesch, P., 1966. Les Sarapieia de Tanagra. RA, pp. 297332.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, P. 2004. ‘Autour de Dionysos’: remarques sur la dénomination des artistes dionysiaques. In Chr. Hugoniot, Hurlet, Fr, and Milanezi, S, eds., Le statut de l’acteur dans l’antiquité grecque et romaine. Actes du Colloque qui s’est tenu à Tours les 3 et 4 mai 2002. Tours, pp. 109–42.Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A., 1990. Zur Frage der Spezialisierung im griechischen Theater des Hellenismus und der Kaiserzeit auf der Grundlage der neuen Prosopographie der dionysischen Techniten. Ktema, 15, pp. 89108.Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A., 1995. Sich selbst feiern? Die städtischen Feste des Hellenismus im Spannungsfeld zwischen Religion und Politik. In Zanker, P and Wörrle, M, eds., Stadtbild und Bürgerbild im Hellenismus. Munich, pp. 147–72.Google Scholar
Charneux, P., 1992. Sur un décret des forgerons d’Argos. BCH, 116(1), pp. 335–43.Google Scholar
Csapo, E., 2004. Some social and economic conditions behind the rise of the acting profession in the fifth and fourth centuries BC. In Chr. Hugoniot, Hurlet, Fr, and Milanezi, S, eds., Le statut de l’acteur dans l’antiquité grecque et romaine. Actes du Colloque qui s’est tenu à Tours les 3 et 4 mai 2002. Tours, pp. 5376.Google Scholar
Dimartino, A., 2010. Venus Felix a Siracusa? Per una rilettura dei decreti della Synodos di technitai di Afrodite Hilara. Epigraphica, 72, pp. 2149.Google Scholar
Dittmann-Schöne, Ι., 2001. Die Berufsvereine in den Städten des kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasiens. Regensburg.Google Scholar
Dunand, F., 1981. Fête et propagande à Alexandrie sous les Lagides. In Dunand, Fr, ed., La fête, pratique et discours, Annales littéraires de l’Université de Besançon 262. Paris, pp. 1341.Google Scholar
Dürrbach, F., 1921. Choix d’inscriptions de Délos. Paris.Google Scholar
Fauconnier, B., 2017. The organisation of synods of competitors in the Roman Empire. Historia, 66, pp. 442–67.Google Scholar
Feyel, Chr., 2006. Les Artisans dans les sanctuaires grecs aux Époques Classique et Hellénistique à travers la documentation financière en Grèce. Bibliothèque des Ecoles françaises d‘Athènes et de Rome 318. Paris and Athens.Google Scholar
Fischer-Bovet, Chr., 2014. Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Forbes, C. A., 1955. Ancient athletic guilds. CPh, 50, pp. 238–52.Google Scholar
Fraser, P. M., 1972. Ptolemaic Alexandria, 2 vols. Oxford.Google Scholar
Frisch, P., 1986. Zehn agonistische Papyri. Papyrologica Coloniensia 13. Cologne.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fröhlich, P. and Hamon, P., eds., 2013. Groupes et associations dans les cités grecques (IIIe siècle av. J.-C.–IIe siècle ap. J.-C). Actes de la table ronde de Paris, INHA, 19–20 juin 2009. Geneva.Google Scholar
Gabrielsen, V. and Thomsen, Chr. A., eds., 2015. Private Associations in the Public Sphere. Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, 9–11 September 2010. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Ghiron-Bistagne, P., 1976. Recherches sur les acteurs dans la Grèce antique. Paris.Google Scholar
Hall, E., 2002. The singing actors of antiquity. In Easterling, P and Hall, E, eds., Greek and Roman Actors: Aspects of an Ancient Profession. Cambridge, pp. 338.Google Scholar
Hanink, J., 2014. Lycourgan Athens and the Making of Classical Tragedy. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Harland, Ph. A., 2014. Greco-Roman Associations: Texts, Translations and Commentary. Vol. II: North Coast of the Black Sea, Asia Minor. Berlin and Boston.Google Scholar
Harris, E. M., 2002. Workshop, marketplace and household: the nature of technical specialization in classical Athens and its influence on economy and society. In Cartledge, P, Cohen, E. E., and Foxhall, L, eds., Money, Labour and Land: Approaches to the Economies of Ancient Greece. London and New York, pp. 6799.Google Scholar
Harris, E. M., 2006. Democracy and the Rule of Law in Classical Athens: Essays on Law, Society and Politics. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Harris, E. M., 2015. The meaning of the legal term symbolaion, the law about dikai emporikai and the role of the paragraphe procedure. Dike, 18, pp. 736.Google Scholar
Hasenohr, C., 2007. Italiens et Phéniciens à Délos: organisation et relations de deux groupes d’étrangers résidents (IIe–Ier siècles av. J.-C.). In Compatangelo, R, Soussignan, C, and Schwentzel, G, eds., Étrangers dans la cité romaine. Actes du Colloque de Valenciennes (14–15 octobre 2005). ‘Habiter une autre patrie’: des incolae de la République aux peuples fédérés du Bas-Empire. Rennes, pp. 7790.Google Scholar
Hatzopoulos, M. B., 2013. Τὰ τῶν ἐμποριτῶν φιλάνθρωπα: Observations on the Pistiros Inscription. In Martzavou, P and Papazarkadas, N, eds., Epigraphical Approaches to the Post-Classical Polis: Fourth Century BC to Second Century AD. Oxford, pp. 1321.Google Scholar
Hellmann, M.-Chr., 1999. Choix d’inscriptions architecturales grecques. Traduites et commentées. Travaux de la maison de l’Orient méditerranéen 30. Paris.Google Scholar
Κloft, H., 1984. Arbeit und Arbeitsverträge in der griechisch-römischen Welt. Saecuculum, 35, pp. 200–21.Google Scholar
Kotlińska-Toma, A., 2015. Hellenistic Tragedy: Texts, Translations and a Critical Survey. London.Google Scholar
Kotsidu, Ch., 1991. Die musischen Agone der Panathenäen in archaischer und klassischer Zeit. Eine historisch-archäologische Untersuchung. Munich.Google Scholar
Lamari, A. A., 2017. Reperforming Greek Tragedy: Theater, Politics, and Cultural Mobility in the Fifth and Fourth Century BC. Berlin and Boston.Google Scholar
Launey, M., 1949–1950. Recherches sur les armées hellénistiques. 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2001a. Les associations de Technites dionysiaques à l’époque hellénistique. 2 vols. Etudes d’Archéologie Classique 11–12. Nancy.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2001b. L’activité dramatique dans les îles grecques à l’époque hellénistique. REA, 103, pp. 261–98.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2003. Théâtre, cités et royaumes en Anatolie et au Proche-Orient de la mort d’Alexandre le Grand aux conquêtes de Pompée. In Prost, F, ed., L’Orient méditerranéen de la mort d’Alexandre aux campagnes de Pompée. Rennes, pp. 329–55.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2004. Le statut professionnel des acteurs grecs à l’époque hellénistique. In Hugoniot, C, Hurlet, F, and Milanezi, S, eds., Le statut de l’acteur dans l’antiquité grecque et romaine. Actes du Colloque qui s’est tenu à Tours les 3 et 4 mai 2002. Tours, pp. 77106.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2007. ‘Décadence’ d’un genre? Les auteurs de tragédie et leurs œuvres à la période hellénistique. In Le Guen, Br, ed., À chacun sa tragédie? Retour sur la tragédie grecque. Rennes, pp. 85139.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Βr., 2010a. Les fêtes du théâtre grec à l’époque hellénistique. REG, 123, pp. 495520.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2010b. Hadrien, l’empereur philhellène, et la vie agonistique de son temps. À propos d’un livre recent. Nikephoros, 23, pp. 205–39.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2014a. Theatre, religion, and politics in Alexanders’ travelling royal court. In Csapo, E, Goette, H. R., Green, J. R., and Wilson, P, eds., Greek Theatre in the Fourth Century B.C. Berlin and New York, pp. 249–74.Google Scholar
Le Guen, Br., 2014b. The diffusion of comedy from the age of Alexander to the beginning of the Roman Empire. In Fontaine, M and Scafuro, A. C., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Comedy. Oxford, pp. 359–77.Google Scholar
Lightfoot, J., 2002. Nothing to do with the technitai of Dionysus. In Easterling, P and Hall, E, eds., Greek and Roman Actors: Aspects of an Ancient Profession. Cambridge, pp. 209–24.Google Scholar
Liu, J., 2009. Collegia Centonariorum: The Guilds of Textile Dealers in the Roman West. Leiden and Boston.Google Scholar
Lüders, H. O., 1873. Die Dionysischen Künstler. Berlin.Google Scholar
Manieri, A. 2009. Agoni poetico-musicali nella Grecia antica. 1. Beozia. Testi e commenti 25. Certamina musica graeca 1. Pisa.Google Scholar
Nervegna, S., 2007. Staging scenes or plays? Theatrical revivals of ‘old’ Greek drama in antiquity. ZPE, 162, pp. 1442.Google Scholar
Pallone, M. R., 1984. L’epica agonale in età ellenistica. Orpheus, N.S. 5, pp. 156–66.Google Scholar
Paz de Hoz, Μ., 2015. Associations of physicians and teachers in Asia Minor: between private and public. In Gabrielsen, V and Thomsen, Chr. A., eds., Private Associations and the Public Sphere. Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, 9–11 September 2010. Copenhagen: 92121.Google Scholar
Perpillou-Thomas, Fr., 1993. Fêtes d’Égypte ptolémaïque et romaine d’après la documentation papyrologique grecque. Studia Hellenistica 31. Leuven.Google Scholar
Petzl, G. and Schwertheim, E., 2006. Hadrian und die dionysischen Künstler: Drei in Alexandria Troas neugefundene Briefe des Kaisers an die Künstler-Vereinigung. Asia Minor Studien 58. Bonn.Google Scholar
Pickard-Cambridge, A., 1968. The Dramatic Festivals of Athens, 2nd ed. revised by J. Gould and D. M. Lewis. Oxford.Google Scholar
Pleket, H. W., 1973. Some aspects of the history of the athletic guilds. ZPE, 10, pp. 197227.Google Scholar
Pöhlmann, E., 1988. Beiträge zur antiken und neueren Musikgeschichte. Quellen und Studien zur Musikgeschichte von der Antike bis in die Gegenwart 17. Frankfurt, Bern, New York, and Paris.Google Scholar
Poland, F., 1909. Geschichte des griechischen Vereinswesens. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Poland, F., 1934. Technitai. In Realenzyklopädie V2 2, 2473–578.Google Scholar
Rauh, N. K., 1993. The Sacred Bonds of Commerce: Religion, Economy, and Trade Society at Hellenistic Roman Delos, 166–87 B.C. Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Rhodes, P. J. and Osborne, R., 2003. Greek Historical Inscriptions, 404–323 BC. Oxford.Google Scholar
Rigsby, K. J., 2017. On the early technitai of Dionysus. Studi Ellenistici, 31, pp. 283–86.Google Scholar
Robert, L., 1977. Les fêtes de Dionysos à Thèbes et l’Amphictionie. AEph, pp. 195210 (= Opera Minora Selecta VII, pp. 765–80).Google Scholar
Rotstein, A., 2012. Mousikoi agones and the conceptualization of genre in ancient Greece. ClAnt, 31(1), pp. 92127.Google Scholar
Ruffing, K., 2016. Driving forces for specialization: market, location factors, productivity improvements. In Wilson, A and Flohr, M, eds., Urban Craftsmen and Traders in the Roman World. Oxford, 115–31.Google Scholar
San Nicolò, M., 1972. Ägyptisches Vereinswesen zur Zeit der Ptolemäer und Römer. 2nd edition with supplements by J. Hermann. 2 vols. Munich.Google Scholar
Scheithauer, A., 2015. Die Welt der Auleten. Musikerkarrieren im griechischen Kulturkreis. Studien zur klassichen Philologie 171. Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Sifakis, G., 1967. Studies in the History of Hellenistic Drama. London.Google Scholar
Slater, W. J., 1993. Three problems in the history of drama. Phoenix, 47, pp. 189212.Google Scholar
Slater, W. J., 2008. Hadrian’s letters to the athletes and Dionysiac artists concerning arrangements for the ‘circuit’ of games. JRA, 21, pp. 610–20.Google Scholar
Slater, W. J., 2010. Paying the pipers. In Le Guen, Br, ed., L’argent dans les concours du monde grec. Actes du Colloque international Saint-Denis et Paris, 5–6 décembre 2008. Vincennes, pp. 249–81.Google Scholar
Slater, W. J., 2012. The victor’s return, and the categories of games. In Martzavou, P and Papazarkadas, N, eds., Epigraphical Approaches to the Post-Classical Polis: Fourth Century BC to Second Century AD. Oxford, 139–63.Google Scholar
Stephanis, I., 1984. Ὁ Εὐβοϊκὸς νόμος γιὰ τὴ μίσθωση τῶν διονυσιακῶν τεχνιτῶν (IG XII 9, 207). EEThess (philol), 22, pp. 499564.Google Scholar
Stephanis, I., 1988. Διονυσιακοì τεχνĩται. Συμβολές στην προσωπογραφία του θεάτρου και της μουσικής των αρχαίων Ελλήνων. Herakleion.Google Scholar
Stewart, E., 2017. Greek Tragedy on the Move: The Birth of a Panhellenic Art Form c. 500–300 BC. Oxford.Google Scholar
Strasser, J.-Y., 2010. ‘Qu’on fouette les concurrents … ’. À propos des lettres d’Hadrien retrouvées à Alexandrie de Troade. REG, 123, pp. 585622.Google Scholar
Summa, D., 2008. Un concours de drames ‘anciens’ à Athènes. REG, 121, pp. 479–96.Google Scholar
Van Effenterre, H. and Ruzé, Fr., 1994–1995. Nomima: recueil d’inscriptions politiques et juridiques de l’archaisme grec. 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Van Liefferinge, C., 2000. Auditions et conférences à Delphes. AC, 69, pp. 149–64.Google Scholar
Van Nijf, O. M., 1997. The Civic World of Professional Associations in the Roman East. Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Van Nijf, O. M., 2006. Global players: athletes and performers in the Hellenistic and Roman world. In Nielsen, I, ed., Zwischen Kult und Gesellschaft: Kosmopolitische Zentren des antiken Mittelmeerraumes als Aktionsraum von Kultvereinen und Religionsgemeinschaften. Akten des Symposions des Archäologischen Instituts des Universität Hamburg (12.–14. Oktober 2005). Hephaistos 24. Augsburg, pp. 225–35.Google Scholar
Velissaropoulos-Karakostas, J., 1980. Les nauclères grecs: recherches sur les institutions maritimes en Grèce et dans l’Orient hellénisé. Hautes études du monde gréco-romain 9. Geneva and Paris.Google Scholar
Velissaropoulos-Karakostas, J., 2011. Droit grec d’Alexandre à Auguste (323 av. J.-C.–14 ap. J.-C.). 2 vols. Meletemata 66. Athens.Google Scholar
Waltzing, J.-P., 1895–1900. Étude historique sur les corporations professionnelles chez les romains depuis les origines jusqu’à la chute de l’Empire d’Occident. 4 vols. Louvain.Google Scholar
Weber, Gr., 1993. Dichtung und höfische Gesellschaft. Die Rezeption von Zeitgeschichte am Hof der ersten drei Ptolemäer. Hermes Einzelschriften 62. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Wilhelm, Α., 1906. Urkunden dramatischer Aufführungen in Athen. Sonderschriften des Österreichischen Αrchäologischen Instituts in Wien 6. Vienna.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. J., 1999. The aulosin Athens. In Goldhill, S and Osborne, R, eds., Performance Culture and Athenian Democracy. Cambridge, pp. 5895.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. J., 2000. The Athenian Institution of the Khoregia: The Chorus, the City and the Stage. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. J., 2002. The musicians among the actors. In Easterling, P and Hall, E, eds., Greek and Roman Actors: Aspects of an Ancient Profession. Cambridge, pp. 3968.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. J. and Csapo, E., 2009. The end of the khoregia in Athens: a forgotten document. In Martinelli, M. Ch, ed., La musa dimenticata. Aspetti dell’esperienza musicale greca in eta ellenistica. Pisa, pp. 4774.Google Scholar
Ziebarth, E., 1896. Das griechische Vereinswesen. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Zimmermann, C., 2002. Handwerkervereine im griechischen Osten des Imperium Romanum. Mainz.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×