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7 - The end game: Mountbatten and partition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2011

Ayesha Jalal
Affiliation:
Columbia University, New York
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Summary

Since 1940 Jinnah's strategy had been based on the premise that India's unitary centre was a British creation which would automatically cease to exist when the British left India. Any new all-India centre would have to be agreed upon by Muslim provinces as well as by the Princely States. What Jinnah was clamouring for was a way of achieving an equal say for Muslims in any all-India arrangements at the centre. By denying that Indian Muslims were a minority and asserting that they were a nation, Jinnah advanced the constitutional lawyer's argument that since India contained at least two nations, a transfer of power necessarily involved the dissolution of British India's unitary structure of central authority, and any reconstitution of the centre would have to take account of the League's demand that Muslim provinces, the territorial expression of this claim to nationhood, should be grouped to constitute a separate state. Once the British and the Congress accepted the essence of the League's demands, then it remained, for Jinnah at least, an open question whether the Muslim state would enter into a confederation with non-Muslim provinces on the basis of parity at the centre, or whether, as a sovereign state, it would make treaty arrangements with the rest of India about matters of common concern.

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Chapter
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The Sole Spokesman
Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan
, pp. 241 - 293
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1985

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