The year 2006 has proven to be another highly successful year for Vietnam's foreign relations. Many events signified Vietnam's growing stature in the international community. Throughout the year, Vietnam hosted visits from top US officials, including the then House Speaker, Dennis Hastert, then Secretary of Defense, Donald Rumsfeld, and the Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice. In October, the Asian group of the United Nations nominated Vietnam as the continent's sole candidate for a non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for the 2008–2009 tenure. In November, Hanoi hosted the summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, only eight years after it had joined the organization. However, the single most significant event that has captured international attention and the Vietnamese imagination was Vietnam's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Eleven years after Vietnam first applied for admission to the WTO, its General Council approved Vietnam's membership at a special session in Geneva on 7 November 2006. After Vietnam's National Assembly ratified its accession package, the WTO announced that Vietnam would formally become its 150th member on 11 January 2007. Of critical importance to Vietnam's full WTO membership was its long-term trading status with the United States. This issue was also finally resolved in 2006. In the evening of 8 December 2006 the US House of Representatives passed a bill granting permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) to Vietnam and five hours later, the US Senate passed a version of the same bill. This bill was signed by President Bush and became effective on 20 December 2006.

Vietnam's membership in the WTO represents a political and economic milestone in the modern history of Vietnam. Politically speaking, especially to the Vietnamese people, WTO membership confirms the international community's recognition of Vietnam's efforts in becoming a modern, outward-looking nation. This is particularly important in view of the fact that Vietnam was one of the last Asian countries to be admitted to WTO.