Aaron, Henry J., Alan S. Blinder, Alicia H. Munnell, and Peter R. Orszag. 2001. “Perspectives on the Draft Interim Report of the President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security.” Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities and The Century Foundation, July 11.

Ackerman, Jan. 1993. “Forked Tongues Prevail on High; Pentagon Gets Annual Doublespeak Award from Teachers Group.” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, November 22, p. B-1.Google Scholar

Alesina, Alberto, and Drazen, Allan. 1991. “Why Are Stabilizations Delayed?” American Review 82: 1170–1188.Google Scholar

Alesina, Alberto, and Perotti, Roberto. 1995. “Political Economy of Budget Deficits.” Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.Google Scholar

Alesina, Alberto, and Tabellini, Guido. 1990. “A Positive Theory of Fiscal Deficits and Government Debt.” Review of Economic Studies 57: 403–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Allen, Mike. 2005. “Semantics Shape Social Security Debate: Democrats Assail ‘Crisis’ While GOP Gives ‘Privatization’ a ‘Personal’ Twist.” Washington Post, January 23, p. A-4.Google Scholar

Andreoni, James. 1989. “Giving with Impure Altruism: Applications to Charity and Ricardian Equivalence.” Journal of Political Economy 97: 1447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andrews, William D. 1974. “A Consumption-Type or Cash-Flow Personal Income Tax.” Harvard Law Review 87: 1113–1188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andrews, William D. 1972. “Personal Deductions in an Ideal Income Tax.” Harvard Law Review 86: 309–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Antos, Joseph and Jagadeesh Gokhale. 2003. “The Cost of Adding a Prescription Drug Benefit to Medicare.” Testimony to the Subcommittee on Human Rights and Wellness, July 17. Available online at <http://www.aei.org/news/filter.,newsID.18039/news_detail.asp>.

Associated Press. 2005. “Parties Hope to Win on Social Security.” February 21. Available on-line at <http://www.forbes.com/business/healthcare/feeds/ap/2005/02/21/ap1839523.html>.

Auerbach, Alan J. 2004. “Budget Windows, Sunsets and Fiscal Control.” Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 10694.

Auerbach, Alan J. 2003. “Is There a Role for Discretionary Fiscal Policy?” In Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Rethinking Stabilization Policy, 109–150.Google Scholar

Auerbach, Alan J. 1994. “The U.S. Fiscal Problem: Where We Are, How We Got Here, and Where We're Going.” In NBER Macroeconomics Annual 9: 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Auerbach, Alan J., Gale, William G., and Orszag, Peter R.. 2004. “Sources of the Long-Term Fiscal Gap.” Tax Notes 103: 1049.Google Scholar

Auerbach, Alan J., Gale, William G., and Orszag, Peter R.. 2002. “The Budget Outlook and Options for Fiscal Policy.” Tax Notes 95: 1639.Google Scholar

Auerbach, Alan J., and Hassett, Kevin. 2002. “Optimal Long-Run Fiscal Policy: Constraints, Preferences and the Resolution of Uncertainty.” Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 9132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Auerbach, Alan J., and Oreopoulos, Philip. 1999. “Analyzing the Fiscal Impact of U.S. Immigration.” American Economic Review 89, Part 2, Papers and Proceedings, 176–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Baird, Douglas G., Gertner, Robert H., and Picker, Randal C.. 1994. Game Theory and the Law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Ball, Laurence, and Mankiw, N. Gregory. 1995. “What Do Budget Deficits Do?” In Budget Deficits and Debt: Issues and Options. Kansas City: Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, pp. 95–119.Google Scholar

Bandow, Doug. 2004. “The Conservative Case for Voting Democratic.” Fortune, May 3.

Birnbaum, Jeffrey H. 2005. “Private-Account Concept Grew from Obscure Roots.” Washington Post, Februrary 22, p. A-1.Google Scholar

Birnbaum, Jeffrey H., and Murray, Alan S.. 1987. Showdown at Gucci Gulch: Lawmakers, Lobbyists, and the Unlikely Triumph of Tax Reform. New York: Random House.Google Scholar

Bittker, Boris I. 1969. “Accounting for Federal ‘Tax Subsidies’ in the National Budget. National Tax Journal 22: 244.Google Scholar

Bittker, Boris I. 1967. “A ‘Comprehensive Tax Base’ as a Goal of Income Tax Reform.” Harvard Law Review 80: 925–985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Blinder, Alan S., and Rosen, Harvey S.. 1985. “Notches.” American Economic Review 75: 736–747.Google Scholar

Block, Fred. 2001. “Why Pay Bill Gates?” In Phillipe Van Parijs, What's Wrong with a Free Lunch? (ed. Joshua Cohen and Joel Rogers). Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar

Blum, Walter J., and Kalven, Harry Jr. 1953. The Uneasy Case for Progressive Taxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Boards of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance and Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds. 2005. 2005 Annual Report.

Barry, Bosworth P. and Burtless, Gary. 2004. Pension Reform and Saving. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar

Bradford, David F. 2003. “Reforming Budgetary Language.” In Ssjibren Cnossen and Hans-Werner Sinn (eds.), Public Finance and Public Policy in the New Century. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 93–115.Google Scholar

Bradford, David F., and Shaviro, Daniel. 2000. “The Economics of Vouchers.” In C. Eugene Steuerle, Van Doorn Ooms, George Peterson, and Robert D. Reischauer (eds.), Vouchers and the Provision of Public Services. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar

Bradford, David F., and the U.S. Treasury Tax Policy Staff. 1984. Blueprints for Basic Tax Reform, 2d ed. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press.Google Scholar

Buchanan, James, and Wagner, Richard. 1977. Democracy in Deficit: The Political Legacy of Lord Keynes. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Buchanan, Neil. 2005. “Social Security, Generational Justice, and Long-Term Deficits.” Tax Law Review 58: 275.Google Scholar

Coe, Norma B., Acs, Gregory, Lerman, Robert I., and Watson, Keith. 1998. “Does Work Pay? A Summary of the Work Incentives under TANF.” Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.Google Scholar

Confirmation of Office of Management and Budget Director, 1989: Before the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, 101st. Cong., 1st Sess. (1989). Statement of OMB director designate Richard Darman.

Congressional Budget Office. 2003. The Long-Term Budget Outlook. Washington, D.C.: Congress of the United States, Congressional Budget Office, December.

Derthick, Martha. 1979. Policymaking for Social Security. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.Google Scholar

Diamond, Peter A., and Orszag, Peter R. 2004. Saving Social Security: A Balanced Approach. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar

Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.Google Scholar

Eisner, Robert. 1994. The Misunderstood Economy: What Counts and How to Count It. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar

Eisner, Robert. 1986. How Real Is the Federal Deficit?New York: Free Press.Google Scholar

Eissa, Nada, and Hoynes, Hilary. 2004. “Behavioral Responses to Taxes: Lessons from the EITC and Labor Supply.” Washington, DC: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 11729.Google Scholar

Farkas, Steve, and Johnson, Jean, with Bers, Ali and Duffet, Ann. 1997. Miles to Go: A Status Report on Americans' Plans for Retirement. Washington, DC: Public Agenda.Google Scholar

Farrell, John Aloysius. 2003. “Rancor Becomes Top D.C. Export, GOP Leads Charge in Ideological War.” Denver Post, May 26, p. A-1.Google Scholar

Feldstein, Martin. 1974. “Social Security, Induced Retirement, and Aggregate Capital Accumulation.” Journal of Political Economy 82: 75–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ferrara, Peter J. 1980. Social Security: The Inherent Contradiction. Washington, DC: Cato Institute Press.Google Scholar

Firestone, David. 2003. “DeLay Rebuffs Move to Restore Lost Tax Credit.” New York Times, June 4, p. A-1.Google Scholar

Forman, Jonathan Barry. 1986. “Origins of the Tax Expenditure Budget.” Tax Notes 30: 537.Google Scholar

Fried, Barbara H. 1999. “The Puzzling Case for Proportionate Taxation.” Chapman Law Review 2: 157.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton. 2003. “What Every American Wants.” Wall Street Journal, January 15, p. A-10.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton. 1999. “Social Security Socialism.” Wall Street Journal, January 26, p. A-18.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton. 1984. “The Taxes Called Deficits.” Wall Street Journal, April 26, section 1, p. 28.Google Scholar

Friedman, Milton. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Furchtgott-Roth, Diana. 1995. “Abuses of Distribution Tables in Tax Policy.” Tax Notes 69: 1414.Google Scholar

Gale, William G., and Brennan Kelly. 2004. “The ‘No New Taxes’ Pledge.” Brookings Institution and Tax Policy Center, available online at <http://www.brookings.edu/views/papers/gale/20040604.htm>.

Gale, William G., and Orszag, Peter R.. 2004. “Bush Administration Tax Policy: Starving the Beast?” Tax Notes 102: 999.Google Scholar

Gale, William G., and Orszag, Peter R.. 2003a. “Sunsets in the Tax Code.” Tax Notes 99: 1553.Google Scholar

Gale, William G., and Orszag, Peter R.. 2003b. “The Economic Effects of Long-Term Fiscal Discipline.” Washington, DC: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Discussion Paper No. 8, April.Google Scholar

Giannarelli, Linda, and Steuerle, Eugene. 1995. “The Twice-Poverty Trap Faced by AFDC Recipients.” Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.Google Scholar

Gokhale, Jagadeesh, and Smetters, Kent. 2005. “Measuring Social Security's Financial Problems.” Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 11060.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gokhale, Jagadeesh, and Smetters, Kent. 2003. Fiscal and Generational Imbalances: New Budget Measures for New Budget Priorities. Washington, DC: AEI Press.Google Scholar

Graetz, Michael J. 1995. “Distribution Tables, Tax Legislation, and the Illusion of Precision.” In David F. Bradford (ed.), Distributional Analysis of Tax Policy. Washington, DC: AEI Press.Google Scholar

Gramlich, Edward M. 1990. “U.S. Federal Budget Deficits and Gramm-Rudman-Hollings.” American Economic Review 80: 75.Google Scholar

Greenhouse, Steven. 1993. “Clinton's Economic Plan: Seeing Figures, Two Sides Calculate Clinton's Math.” New York Times, February 22, p. A-14.Google Scholar

Gross, Daniel. 2003. “How to Make the Deficit Look Smaller Than It Is.” New York Times, November 23, section 3, p. 4.Google Scholar

Gruber, Jonathan. 2004. Public Finance and Public Policy. New York: Worth Publishers.Google Scholar

Hacker, Jacob S., and Paul Pierson. 2005. Off Center: The Republican Revolution and the Erosion of American Democracy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Hayek, F. A. 1944. The Road to Serfdom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [Fiftieth Anniversary Edition, 1994.]Google Scholar

Himelfarb, Richard. 1995. Catastrophic Politics: The Rise and Fall of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar

Holmes, Stephen, and Cass, R. Sunstein. 1999. The Cost of Rights: Why Liberty Depends on Taxes. New York: Norton.Google Scholar

Holt, Stephen D. 2005. “Making Work Really Pay: Income Support and Marginal Effective Tax Rates Among Low-Income Working Households.” Washington, DC: American Tax Policy Institute.Google Scholar

Hotelling, Harold. 1929. “Stability in Competition.” Economic Journal 35: 41–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jackson, Howell E. 2004. “Accounting for Social Security and Its Reform.” Harvard Journal on Legislation 41: 59.Google Scholar

Jehl, Douglas. 2003. “Air Force Pursued Boeing Deal Despite Concerns of Rumsfeld.” New York Times, December 6, p. A-3.Google Scholar

Kahneman, Daniel. 1991. “Anomalies: The Endowment Effect, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 5: 193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kamin, David, and Kogan, Richard. 2005. “The Administration's Misleading $600 Billion Estimate of the Cost ofWaiting to Act on Social Security.” Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, February 2.Google Scholar

Kaplow, Louis. 2005. “Optimal Income Transfers.” Unpublished manuscript.

Kogan, Richard. 2005a. “Bill Illuminating Long-Term Budget Problems Would Provide Both Important Information and Misleading Information.” Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.Google Scholar

Kogan, Richard. 2005b. “Budget Process Changes Required by the ‘Honest Government Accounting Act.’” Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.Google Scholar

Kotlikoff, Laurence J. 2001. “The Coming Generational Storm.” Unpublished manuscript.

Kotlikoff, Laurence J. 1992. Generational Accounting: Knowing Who Pays, and When, for What We Spend. New York: The Free Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kotlikoff, Laurence J., and Burns, Scott. 2004. The Coming Generational Storm: What You Need to Know about America's Economic Future. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Kotlikoff, Laurence J., and Sachs, Jeffrey. 1997. “It's High Time to Privatize.” Brookings Review 15: 16.Google Scholar

Krugman, Paul. 2005a. “A Gut Punch to the Middle.” New York Times, May 2, p. A-21.Google Scholar

Krugman, Paul. 2005b. “The $600 Billion Man.” New York Times. May 15, p. A-25.Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 2004. Don't Think of an Elephant: Know Your Values and Frame the Debate. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing.Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 2002. Moral Politics: How Liberals and Conservatives Think. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lang, Thomas. 2005. “Spin Buster.” Columbia Journalism Review, January 25, available online at <http://www.cjrdaily.org/archives/001264.asp>.

Locke, John 1952. Second Treatise On Government. New York: Liberal Arts Press.CrossRef

Martinez, Gebe. 2005. “Language Could Chart the Course ofSocial Security; Both Parties Are Carefully Choosing Words in Hopes of Swaying the Public.” Houston Chronicle, February 2, p. A-8.Google Scholar

McCaffery, Edward J., and Baron, Jonathan. 2005. “Tax Policy in an Era of Rising Inequality: The Political Psychology of Redistribution.” UCLA Law Review 52: 1745–1792.Google Scholar

Meyer, Bruce D., and Rosenbaum, Dan T.. 2000. “Making Single Mothers Work: Recent Tax and Welfare Policy and Its Effects.” Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 7491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mikesell, John L. 2003. “The Normal States Sales Tax: The Vision Revealed in State Tax Expenditure Budgets.” State Tax Today 2003: 66–4.Google Scholar

Miron, Jeffrey A., and Weil, David N.. 1997. “The Genesis and Evolution of Social Security.” NBER Working Paper No. 5949.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mirrlees, James. 1971. “An Exploration in the Theory of Optimum Income Taxation.” 38 Review of Economic Studies 175–208.Google Scholar

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick. 1973. The Politics of a Guaranteed Income: The Nixon Administration and the Family Assistance Plan. New York: Random House.Google Scholar

Mueller, Dennis C. 1989. Public Choice II. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Munnell, Alicia H., and Soto, Mauricio. 2005. “What Does Price Indexing Mean for Social Security?” Boston, MA: Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, January, No. 14.Google Scholar

Murphy, Liam, and Nagel, Thomas. 2002. The Myth of Ownership: Taxes and Justice. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Musgrave, Richard A. 1959. The Theory of Public Finance: A Study in Political Economy. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.Google Scholar

Nataraj, Sita, and John B. Shoven. 2004. “Has the Unified Budget Undermined the Federal Government Trust Funds?” Unpublished manuscript.

New York Times Editorial. 2005. “Shameless Photo-Op.” New York Times, April 7, p. A-22.

Noah, Timothy. 2002. “Who Said Anything about Privatizing Social Security?” September 6. Available online at, http://slate.msn.com/?id=2070573>.

Olson, Mancur. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. 1996. Tax Expenditures: Recent Experiences. Washington, DC: OECD Publications and Information Center.

Penner, Rudolph G., and Steuerle, C. Eugene. 2004. “Budget Rules.” National Tax Journal 57: 547–557.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Persson, Torsten, and Svensson, Lars E. O.. 1989. “Why a Stubborn Conservative Would Run a Deficit: Policy with Time-Inconsistent Preferences.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 104 (May):325–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ponnuru, Ramesh. 2002. “The P Word.” National Review, September 4. Available on-line at <http://www.nationalreview.com/ponnuru/ponnuru090402.asp>.

Reinhardt, Uwe T. 2000. “Health Care for the Aging Baby Boom: Lessons from Abroad.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14: 71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ricardo, David. 1996 ed. Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.Google Scholar

Ricardo, David. 1951 ed. The Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, ed. Piero Sraffa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press for the Royal Economic Society.Google Scholar

Rivlin, Alice M., and Sawhill, Isabel (eds.). 2004. Restoring Fiscal Sanity: How to Balance the Budget. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.Google Scholar

Robinson, James W. (ed.). 1992. Ross Perot Speaks Out. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing.Google Scholar

Rosen, Harvey S. 1999. Public Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Rubin, Robert E., Peter R. Orszag, and Allen Sinai. 2004. “Sustained Budget Deficits: Longer-Run U.S. Economic Performance and the Risk of Financial and Fiscal Disarray.” Paper presented at the AEA-NAEFA Joint Session, Allied Social Science Associations Annual Meetings, The Andrew Brimmer Policy Forum, “National Economic and Financial Policies for Growth and Stability,” January 4, San Diego, CA.

Samuelson, Paul A. 1958. “An Exact Consumption-Loan Model of Interest with or without the Social Contrivance of Money.” Journal of Political Economy 66: 467–482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Savage, James D. 1988. Balanced Budgets And American Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Schlesinger, Arthur M. 1959. The Age of Roosevelt, vol. 2: The Coming of the New Deal. New York: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar

Shafroth, Frank. 2003. “Dissaving Grace.” State Tax Notes 30: 797–800.Google Scholar

Shannon, Harry A. 1986. “The Tax Expenditure Concept in the United States and Germany: A Comparison.” Tax Notes 33: 201.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel. 2005. “A Blueprint for Future Tax Reform? Evaluating the Reform Panel's Report.” Tax Notes 109 (November 7): 827–835.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel N. 2004. Who Should Pay for Medicare?Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel. 2002. “The Growing U.S. Fiscal Gap.” World Economics Journal 3(1) (October–December): 1–8.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel N. 2000. Making Sense of Social Security Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel N. 1999. “Effective Marginal Tax Rates on Low-Income Households.” Tax Notes 84: 1191–1200.Google Scholar

Shaviro, Daniel N. 1997. Do Deficits Matter?Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Simons, Henry C. 1938. Personal Income Taxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Slemrod, Joel. 1990. “Optimal Taxation and Optimal Tax Systems.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 4: 157–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Smetters, Kent. 2003. “Is the Social Security Trust Fund Worth Anything?” Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 9845.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Smithies, Arthur. 1941. “Optimal Location in Spatial Competition.” Journal of Political Economy 49: 423–439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Stein, Herbert. 1996. The Fiscal Revolution in America: Policy in Pursuit of Reality. Washington, DC: AEI Press.Google Scholar

Steuerle, Eugene. 2003. “Can the Progressivity of Tax Changes Be Measured in Isolation?” Tax Notes 100: 1187–1188.Google Scholar

Stevenson, Richard W. 2001. “Declining Surplus Renews Debate Over the Budget Outlook.” New York Times, July 12, p. A-20.Google Scholar

Stigler, George. 1946. “The Economics Of Minimum Wage Legislation.” American Economic Review 36: 358.Google Scholar

Suellentrop, Chris. 2003. “Grover Norquist: The Republican Party's Prophet of Permanence.” Slate magazine, July 7, http://slate.msn.com/id/2085277>.

Sullivan, Martin A. 2003. “The Decline and Fall of Distribution Analysis.” Tax Notes 99: 1869–1873.Google Scholar

Sullivan, Martin A. 2000. “Tax Expenditure Budgets: Now More Than Ever.” Tax Notes 86: 1187.Google Scholar

Sunstein, Cass R. 2000. “Introduction.” In Cass R. Sunstein (ed.), Behavioral Law and Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Surrey, Stanley S. 1973. Pathways to Tax Reform. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Surrey, Stanley S. 1957. “The Congress and the Tax Lobbyists – How Special Tax Provisions Get Enacted.” Harvard Law Review 70: 1145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Surrey, Stanley S. 1953. “Our Schizophrenic Income Tax.” The Stanley S. Surrey Papers, Harvard Law School Library, Modern Manuscript Division, Box 23, Folder 7.

Surrey, Stanley S., and McDaniel, Paul. 1985. Tax Expenditures. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Suskind, Ron. 2004a. The Price of Loyalty: George W. Bush, the White House, and the Education of Paul O'Neill. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar

Suskind, Ron. 2004b. “Without a Doubt.” New York Times Magazine, October 17, p. 44.Google Scholar

Suskind, Ron. 2003. “Why Are These Men Laughing?” Esquire 139: 96–105.Google Scholar

Tabellini, Guido, and Alesina, Alberto. 1990. “Voting on the Budget Deficit.” American Economic Review 80: 37–49.Google Scholar

Thaler, Richard. 1991. “Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice.” In Richard Thaler (ed.), Quasi Rational Economics. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar

Thuronyi, Victor. 1988. “Tax Expenditures: A Reassessment.” Duke Law Journal 1988: 1155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tierney, John. 2005. “Can Anyone Unseat F.D.R.?” New York Times, January 23, section 4, p. 1.Google Scholar

Tobin, James, Pechman, Joseph A., and Mieszkowski, Peter M.. 1967. “Is a Negative Income Tax Practical?” Yale Law Journal 77: 1–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tsongas, Paul. 1991. A Call To Economic Arms: Forging A New American Mandate. Boston: Tsongas Committee.Google Scholar

United States Treasury Department. 2003. “Analytical Perspectives, Budget of the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2003.” Washington, DC: U.S. Treasury Department.

Washington Post. 2005. “Transcript of Bush Interview.” January 16. Available online at <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A12570–2005Jan15.html>.

Weisbach, David A., and Nussim, Jacob. 2004. “The Integration of Tax and Spending Programs” Yale Law Journal 113: 995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Weisman, Jonathan. 2004. “Senate Passes Corporate Tax Bill.” Washington Post, October 12, p. A-1.Google Scholar

White, Joseph, and Wildavsky, Aaron. 1989. The Deficit and the Public Interest: The Search for Responsible Budgeting in the 1980s. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Zitner, Aaron. 1997. “Longtime Fears on Deficit Begin to Fade.” Boston Globe, May 3, p. A-1.Google Scholar